{"title":"Patellar tendon–Hoffa fat pad interface: From anatomy to high-resolution ultrasound imaging","authors":"Vincenzo Ricci , Giulio Cocco , Kamal Mezian , Ke-Vin Chang , Jorge Barbosa , Ondřej Naňka , Levent Özçakar","doi":"10.1016/j.knee.2024.10.024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To propose a standardized, high-resolution ultrasound (US) protocol to assess the patellar tendon–Hoffa fat pad interface (PTHFPI) in patients with (proximal) patellar tendinopathy (PPT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a high-frequency transducer and a high-level machine, we matched the cadaveric and histological microarchitecture of the PTHFPI with multiple sonographic patterns of patients with PPT. Likewise, high-sensitive color/power Doppler assessments were also performed to evaluate the microcirculation of the soft tissues beneath the patellar tendon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Modern US equipment allows for detailed assessment of the potential pain generators located inside the PTHFPI in patients with PPT. They include anterosuperior portion of the Hoffa body and the loose connective tissue of the deep paratenon with its microvascular plexus.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with PPT, accurate sonographic assessment of the PTHFPI can be performed using adequate technological equipment. Accordingly, tailored ultrasound-guided interventions can also be planned if/when clinically indicated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56110,"journal":{"name":"Knee","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 139-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Knee","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968016024002059","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Aim
To propose a standardized, high-resolution ultrasound (US) protocol to assess the patellar tendon–Hoffa fat pad interface (PTHFPI) in patients with (proximal) patellar tendinopathy (PPT).
Methods
Using a high-frequency transducer and a high-level machine, we matched the cadaveric and histological microarchitecture of the PTHFPI with multiple sonographic patterns of patients with PPT. Likewise, high-sensitive color/power Doppler assessments were also performed to evaluate the microcirculation of the soft tissues beneath the patellar tendon.
Results
Modern US equipment allows for detailed assessment of the potential pain generators located inside the PTHFPI in patients with PPT. They include anterosuperior portion of the Hoffa body and the loose connective tissue of the deep paratenon with its microvascular plexus.
Conclusions
In patients with PPT, accurate sonographic assessment of the PTHFPI can be performed using adequate technological equipment. Accordingly, tailored ultrasound-guided interventions can also be planned if/when clinically indicated.
期刊介绍：
The Knee is an international journal publishing studies on the clinical treatment and fundamental biomechanical characteristics of this joint. The aim of the journal is to provide a vehicle relevant to surgeons, biomedical engineers, imaging specialists, materials scientists, rehabilitation personnel and all those with an interest in the knee.
The topics covered include, but are not limited to:
• Anatomy, physiology, morphology and biochemistry;
• Biomechanical studies;
• Advances in the development of prosthetic, orthotic and augmentation devices;
• Imaging and diagnostic techniques;
• Pathology;
• Trauma;
• Surgery;
• Rehabilitation.
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