{"title":"In vitro dynamics of DNA loop extrusion by structural maintenance of chromosomes complexes","authors":"Marius Rutkauskas, Eugene Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.gde.2024.102284","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genomic DNA inside the cell’s nucleus is highly organized and tightly controlled by the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes. These complexes fold genomes by creating and processively enlarging loops, a process called loop extrusion. After more than a decade of accumulating indirect evidence, recent <em>in vitro</em> single-molecule studies confirmed loop extrusion as an evolutionarily conserved function among eukaryotic and prokaryotic SMCs. These studies further provided important insights into mechanisms and regulations of these universal molecular machines, which will be discussed in this minireview.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50606,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Genetics & Development","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Genetics & Development","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959437X24001333","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Genomic DNA inside the cell’s nucleus is highly organized and tightly controlled by the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes. These complexes fold genomes by creating and processively enlarging loops, a process called loop extrusion. After more than a decade of accumulating indirect evidence, recent in vitro single-molecule studies confirmed loop extrusion as an evolutionarily conserved function among eukaryotic and prokaryotic SMCs. These studies further provided important insights into mechanisms and regulations of these universal molecular machines, which will be discussed in this minireview.
细胞核内的基因组 DNA 是高度有序的，并受到染色体结构维护蛋白复合物（SMC）的严格控制。这些复合物通过创建并逐步扩大环路来折叠基因组，这一过程被称为环路挤压。经过十多年间接证据的积累，最近的体外单分子研究证实，环挤压是真核生物和原核生物 SMC 在进化过程中保守的功能。这些研究进一步提供了有关这些通用分子机器的机制和调控的重要见解，本小视图将对此进行讨论。
期刊介绍：
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development aims to stimulate scientifically grounded, interdisciplinary, multi-scale debate and exchange of ideas. It contains polished, concise and timely reviews and opinions, with particular emphasis on those articles published in the past two years. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion of the topics discussed.
In Current Opinion in Genetics and Development we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner:
1. The views of experts on current advances in their field in a clear and readable form.
2. Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications.[...]
The subject of Genetics and Development is divided into six themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year:
• Cancer Genomics
• Genome Architecture and Expression
• Molecular and genetic basis of disease
• Developmental mechanisms, patterning and evolution
• Cell reprogramming, regeneration and repair
• Genetics of Human Origin / Evolutionary genetics (alternate years)
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