Dynamics of a severe summer Shamal wind and its induced dust storm in the Middle East: A diagnostic study based on numerical simulation

IF 4.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Atmospheric Research Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107800
Abbas Mofidi , Azar Zarrin , Samira Hassani , Mohsen Soltani
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Abstract

This study investigates the formation and dynamics of the Summer Shamal Wind (SSW) and its associated dust storms over the Middle East. A regional climate model, RegCM4, coupled with a dust module, is employed to simulate a severe dust storm event on June 12, 2006. To gain deeper insights, a novel dynamical mechanism is proposed. This mechanism highlights the crucial role of both mechanical and thermal forcing in shaping the regional atmospheric circulation. The vertical heat advection from the Zagros Mountains (ZAG), combined with the mechanical forcing from a shallow incident flow originating from the Turkmenistan anticyclone, triggers upward motion over the ZAG. This synergistic effect leads to the development of a mid-tropospheric anticyclone over the ZAG, which, in turn, induces a westward-propagating Rossby wave. The downward motion and descending air associated with this wave over Mesopotamia establish a terrain-induced local circulation. Consequently, the SSW emerges within a shallow layer at the null-vorticity zone of a coupling-pressure pattern formed by the Arabian anticyclone and the Zagros trough, which is itself a product of the terrain-induced circulation. The study concludes that the intensification and southward movement of the Turkmenistan anticyclone play a pivotal role in the formation of severe SSWs and subsequent dust storms over the Middle East.
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中东地区夏季沙马尔强风及其引发的沙尘暴的动力学:基于数值模拟的诊断研究
本研究调查了中东地区夏季沙马尔风(SSW)及其相关沙尘暴的形成和动态。研究采用了区域气候模式 RegCM4 和沙尘模块,模拟了 2006 年 6 月 12 日的严重沙尘暴事件。为了加深理解,提出了一种新的动力学机制。该机制强调了机械和热强迫在形成区域大气环流中的关键作用。来自扎格罗斯山脉(ZAG)的垂直热平流与来自土库曼斯坦反气旋的浅入射流的机械强迫相结合,引发了扎格罗斯山脉上空的上升运动。这种协同效应导致在扎格罗斯山脉上空形成中对流层反气旋,进而引发向西传播的罗斯比波。与美索不达米亚上空的这一波浪相关的向下运动和下降空气形成了地形诱发的局地环流。因此,SSW 出现在阿拉伯反气旋和扎格罗斯低槽形成的耦合压力模式的空涡度区浅层内,而耦合压力模式本身就是地形诱导环流的产物。研究得出的结论是,土库曼斯坦反气旋的增强和南移在中东地区形成严重 SSW 及随后的沙尘暴中发挥了关键作用。
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Research
Atmospheric Research 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
10.90%
发文量
460
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: The journal publishes scientific papers (research papers, review articles, letters and notes) dealing with the part of the atmosphere where meteorological events occur. Attention is given to all processes extending from the earth surface to the tropopause, but special emphasis continues to be devoted to the physics of clouds, mesoscale meteorology and air pollution, i.e. atmospheric aerosols; microphysical processes; cloud dynamics and thermodynamics; numerical simulation, climatology, climate change and weather modification.
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