Effects of the urban development on the near-surface air temperature and surface energy balance: The case study of Madrid from 1970 to 2020

IF 6 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Urban Climate Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102198
J. Carbone , B. Sanchez , C. Román-Cascón , A. Martilli , D. Royé , C. Yagüe
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Abstract

The aim of the present study is to examine the impact of Madrid's urban growth over the last 50 years (1970–2020). We conduct a modelling study using WRF-ARW with the multilayer urban parameterization BEP-BEM, in which different urban parameters have been incorporated at each point within the model's inner domain according to urban expansion from 1970 to 2020. Two scenarios of important societal interest with different meteorological conditions are selected for this study: a period of intense heatwave during the summer season and a short period of strongly stable atmospheric conditions in winter, both in 2020. The results show that in areas where the urban fraction becomes greater an increase in near-surface air temperature is found for both simulated periods, especially during the night. The urbanization modifies the surface energy balance and turbulent transport in Madrid and its surroundings. It leads to a decrease in latent heat flux due to the high impermeability and reduced vegetation in urban areas. Additionally, the urban areas with a higher density of buildings have a high heat capacity, increasing heat flux storage during the day through solar radiation absorption. This stored energy is released at night, exacerbating the increase in nighttime near-surface air temperature in both periods.
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城市发展对近地面气温和地表能量平衡的影响:1970 至 2020 年马德里案例研究
本研究的目的是考察过去 50 年(1970-2020 年)马德里城市发展的影响。我们使用 WRF-ARW 和多层城市参数化 BEP-BEM 进行了建模研究,其中根据 1970-2020 年间的城市扩张情况,在模型内域的每个点加入了不同的城市参数。本研究选取了两种具有重要社会意义且气象条件不同的情景:夏季的强热浪期和冬季的短时强稳定大气期,时间均为 2020 年。研究结果表明,在城市化程度较高的地区,两个模拟时段的近地面气温都有所上升,尤其是在夜间。城市化改变了马德里及其周边地区的地表能量平衡和湍流输送。由于城市地区的高渗透性和植被减少,导致潜热通量减少。此外,建筑物密度较高的城区具有较高的热容量,通过吸收太阳辐射增加了白天的热通量储存。这些储存的能量在夜间释放,加剧了这两个时段夜间近地面气温的上升。
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来源期刊
Urban Climate
Urban Climate Social Sciences-Urban Studies
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
9.40%
发文量
286
期刊介绍: Urban Climate serves the scientific and decision making communities with the publication of research on theory, science and applications relevant to understanding urban climatic conditions and change in relation to their geography and to demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, technological and environmental dynamics and global change. Targeted towards both disciplinary and interdisciplinary audiences, this journal publishes original research papers, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and short communications on topics including, but not limited to, the following: Urban meteorology and climate[...] Urban environmental pollution[...] Adaptation to global change[...] Urban economic and social issues[...] Research Approaches[...]
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