Recent advances in identifying and characterizing secretory proteins of Toxoplasma gondii by CRISPR-based screening

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Parasitology International Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.parint.2024.102997
Yuta Tachibana , Masahiro Yamamoto
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Abstract

The apicomplexan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, develops unique secretory organelles, such as micronemes, rhoptries, and dense granules, which do not exist in other well-studied eukaryotic organisms. These secretory organelles are key features of apicomplexan parasites and discharge various proteins that are essential for invasion, replication, egress, host-parasite interactions, and virulence. Many studies have therefore focused on identifying and characterizing the proteins secreted by T. gondii that play essential roles in pathology and that can be targeted for therapeutics and vaccine development. The recent development of functional genetic screens based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology has revolutionized this field and has enabled the identification of genes that contribute to parasite fitness in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, characterization of genes identified by unbiased CRISPR screens has revealed novel aspects of apicomplexan biology. In this review, we describe the development of CRIPSR-based screening technology for T. gondii, and recent advances in our understanding of secretory proteins identified and characterized by CRISPR-based screening.

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通过基于 CRISPR 的筛选鉴定和描述弓形虫分泌蛋白的最新进展。
蠕虫寄生虫弓形虫具有独特的分泌细胞器,如微管、跳虫和致密颗粒,这些细胞器并不存在于其他经过深入研究的真核生物体中。这些分泌细胞器是 apicomplexan 寄生虫的关键特征,可排出入侵、复制、排出、宿主-寄生虫相互作用和毒力所必需的各种蛋白质。因此,许多研究都集中在确定和描述淋病双球菌分泌的蛋白质,这些蛋白质在病理学中发挥着重要作用,可作为治疗和疫苗开发的靶标。最近,基于 CRISPR/Cas9 技术的功能基因筛选技术的发展给这一领域带来了革命性的变化,使人们能够鉴定出有助于提高寄生虫体外和体内生存能力的基因。因此,通过无偏见的 CRISPR 筛选鉴定出的基因的特征揭示了类鼻疽生物学的新方面。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了基于 CRIPSR 的淋球菌筛选技术的发展,以及我们对基于 CRISPR 筛选所鉴定和表征的分泌蛋白的理解的最新进展。
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来源期刊
Parasitology International
Parasitology International 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
10.50%
发文量
140
审稿时长
61 days
期刊介绍: Parasitology International provides a medium for rapid, carefully reviewed publications in the field of human and animal parasitology. Original papers, rapid communications, and original case reports from all geographical areas and covering all parasitological disciplines, including structure, immunology, cell biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and systematics, may be submitted. Reviews on recent developments are invited regularly, but suggestions in this respect are welcome. Letters to the Editor commenting on any aspect of the Journal are also welcome.
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