From Orthogonal Time–Frequency Space to Affine Frequency-Division Multiplexing: A comparative study of next-generation waveforms for integrated sensing and communications in doubly dispersive channels [Special Issue on Signal Processing for the Integrated Sensing and Communications Revolution]

IF 9.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Signal Processing Magazine Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1109/MSP.2024.3422653
Hyeon Seok Rou;Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu;Junil Choi;David González G.;Marios Kountouris;Yong Liang Guan;Osvaldo Gonsa
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Abstract

Next-generation wireless systems will offer integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) functionalities not only in order to enable new applications, but also as a means to mitigate challenges such as doubly-dispersive channels, which arise in high mobility scenarios and/or at millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) bands. An emerging approach to accomplish these goals is the design of new waveforms, which draw from the inherent relationship between the doubly-dispersive nature of timevariant (TV) channels and the environmental features of scatterers manifested in the form of multipath delays and Doppler shifts. Examples of such waveforms are the delay-Doppler domain orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) and the recently proposed chirp domain affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM), both of which seek to simultaneously combat the detrimental effects of double selectivity and exploit them for the estimation (or sensing) of environmental information. This article aims to provide a consolidated and comprehensive overview of the signal processing techniques required to support reliable ISAC over doubly-dispersive channels in beyond fifth generation (B5G)/sixth generation (6G) systems, with an emphasis on OTFS and AFDM waveforms, as those, together with the traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform, suffice to elaborate on the most relevant properties of the trend. The analysis shows that OTFS and AFDM indeed enable significantly improved robustness against inter-carrier interference (ICI) arising from Doppler shifts compared to OFDM. In addition, the inherent delay-Doppler domain orthogonality of the OTFS and AFDM effective channels is found to provide significant advantages for the design and the performance of integrated sensing functionalities.
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从正交时频空间到仿射频分复用:双色散信道中用于综合传感和通信的下一代波形比较研究[综合传感和通信革命的信号处理特刊]
下一代无线系统将提供综合传感与通信(ISAC)功能,这不仅是为了实现新的应用,而且也是一种缓解挑战的手段,例如在高移动性场景和/或毫米波(mmWave)和太赫兹(THz)频段出现的双色散信道。实现这些目标的一种新兴方法是设计新的波形,这种波形借鉴了时变(TV)信道的双重分散特性与散射体环境特征之间的固有关系,以多径延迟和多普勒频移的形式表现出来。这类波形的例子有延迟-多普勒域正交时频空间(OTFS)和最近提出的啁啾域仿射频分复用(AFDM),两者都试图同时消除双选择性的不利影响,并利用它们来估计(或感知)环境信息。本文旨在综合全面地概述在超越第五代(B5G)/第六代(6G)系统中支持可靠的双分散信道 ISAC 所需的信号处理技术,重点是 OTFS 和 AFDM 波形,因为这些波形与传统的正交频分复用(OFDM)波形一起,足以阐述这一趋势的最相关特性。分析表明,与 OFDM 相比,OTFS 和 AFDM 确实能显著提高对多普勒频移引起的载波间干扰(ICI)的抑制能力。此外,OTFS 和 AFDM 有效信道固有的延迟-多普勒域正交性为集成传感功能的设计和性能提供了显著优势。
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来源期刊
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 工程技术-工程:电子与电气
CiteScore
27.20
自引率
0.70%
发文量
123
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: EEE Signal Processing Magazine is a publication that focuses on signal processing research and applications. It publishes tutorial-style articles, columns, and forums that cover a wide range of topics related to signal processing. The magazine aims to provide the research, educational, and professional communities with the latest technical developments, issues, and events in the field. It serves as the main communication platform for the society, addressing important matters that concern all members.
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