Emerging applications of measurement-based quantum computing

Abstract

The measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) is another universal quantum computing model, different from the conventional quantum circuit model. MBQC employs measurements on designated qubits in entangled states to perform universal computation. As theoretical research and experimental techniques advance in recent years, applications grounded in MBQC have progressively emerged. This article endeavors to encapsulate the nascent application domains of MBQC. We start with a brief introduction to the fundamental principles of the model with an emphasis on the comparison between MBQC and circuit-based quantum computing (CBQC). Then, the unique advantages of MBQC are highlighted, such as an explicit and intuitive physical intention, robust algorithm construction, superior single-qubit quantum measurement fidelity, efficient information flow transmission, and so on. Based on these merits, we next introduce the gradually emerging applications of MBQC in diverse areas, representatively including quantum algorithms and quantum networks. In the end, we present an overview of the up-to-date state of software and hardware infrastructure that supports applied research. We hope this review could be useful to people unfamiliar with the field and can also serve as a reference for those within it.