The adaptive ability of Hyphantria cunea larvae to induced chemical defenses of Morus alba, a high-preference host plant

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Arthropod-Plant Interactions Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1007/s11829-024-10115-z

Kexin Ding, Ruiqi Wang, Aoying Zhang, Lisha Yuan, Dun Jiang, Shanchun Yan

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Abstract

Hyphantria cunea is a significant invasive pest characterized by its polyphagous nature and robust reproductive capabilities. In the present study, the interaction between Morus alba seedlings and H. cunea larvae was revealed by combining the induced chemical defense of M. alba with the adaptive strategies of H. cunea larvae. Larval feeding damage swiftly triggers both local and systemic chemical defenses in M. alba, involving nutrients (amino acids, proteins, soluble sugars), secondary metabolites (total phenol, total flavone, tannin, lignin), and flavonoid synthesis pathways. Mild damage induced defense responses in M. alba that persisted until day 21, inhibiting the growth of a subsequent batch of H. cunea larvae after 7 days of continuous feeding. Conversely, at moderate damage levels, these induced defenses diminished by day 21, temporarily failing to affect the larval growth. In response to these defenses, H. cunea larvae significantly up-regulated the expression of most detoxification enzyme genes, which remained active throughout. Initially, some trypsin and lipase genes in the larvae were significantly up-regulated, but with prolonged feeding, gene expression shifted towards the α-amylase family. Feeding by H. cunea larvae can stimulate the induced chemical defense of M. alba. The H. cunea larvae can adapt to the M. alba chemical defense by modulating their digestive and metabolic detoxification mechanisms.

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胭脂虫幼虫对高偏好寄主植物白桑树诱导化学防御的适应能力

H. cunea 是一种重要的入侵害虫，其特点是多食性和强大的繁殖能力。在本研究中，通过结合白桑树幼苗的诱导化学防御和 H. cunea 幼虫的适应策略，揭示了白桑树幼苗与 H. cunea 幼虫之间的相互作用。幼虫的取食损伤会迅速触发白千层的局部和系统化学防御，涉及营养物质（氨基酸、蛋白质、可溶性糖）、次生代谢产物（总酚、总黄酮、单宁、木质素）和黄酮类化合物的合成途径。轻度损害可诱导 M. alba 产生防御反应，这种反应一直持续到第 21 天，在连续取食 7 天后，可抑制随后一批 H. cunea 幼虫的生长。相反，在中度损害水平下，这些诱导的防御反应在第 21 天时减弱，暂时无法影响幼虫的生长。为了应对这些防御，楔尾蝇蛆幼虫显著上调了大多数解毒酶基因的表达，这些基因在整个过程中都保持活跃。最初，幼虫体内的一些胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶基因表达明显上调，但随着喂食时间的延长，基因表达转向α-淀粉酶家族。楔尾金龟子幼虫的取食可刺激白僵菌的诱导化学防御。楔尾金龟子幼虫可通过调节其消化和代谢解毒机制来适应白僵菌的化学防御。

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来源期刊

Arthropod-Plant Interactions 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Arthropod-Plant Interactions is dedicated to publishing high quality original papers and reviews with a broad fundamental or applied focus on ecological, biological, and evolutionary aspects of the interactions between insects and other arthropods with plants. Coverage extends to all aspects of such interactions including chemical, biochemical, genetic, and molecular analysis, as well reporting on multitrophic studies, ecophysiology, and mutualism. Arthropod-Plant Interactions encourages the submission of forum papers that challenge prevailing hypotheses. The journal encourages a diversity of opinion by presenting both invited and unsolicited review papers.