Sloane Stoufer, Minji Kim, Shashini De Silva, Jared L Anderson, Byron F Brehm-Stecher, Matthew D Moore
{"title":"Evaluating the capacity of magnetic ionic liquids for separation and concentration of non-enveloped viral particles and free viral genomic RNA.","authors":"Sloane Stoufer, Minji Kim, Shashini De Silva, Jared L Anderson, Byron F Brehm-Stecher, Matthew D Moore","doi":"10.1007/s00216-024-05662-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) have proven effective as capture reagents for foodborne bacterial pathogens; however, there are currently no published studies regarding their use with foodborne, non-enveloped viruses. In this study, a protocol was evaluated for capture and recovery of bacteriophage MS2, a human norovirus surrogate, and purified viral genomic single stranded RNA (ssRNA) from an aqueous suspension using MILs. Transition metal-based MILs showed similar capture and recovery efficiency for both targets. A rare earth metal-based MIL showed much greater capture efficiency than the transition metal-based MILs, but displayed similar recovery. All tested MILs showed slightly higher capture and recovery efficiency for free RNA in comparison to intact virus, though overall trends were similar, and most MILs could recover both targets at as little as 10<sup>2</sup> PFU/mL intact MS2 or copies/mL purified RNA. A plaque assay confirmed that contact with MILs did not significantly reduce viral infectivity. Adjusting MIL volume gave no significant changes in capture or recovery, likely due to interplay between volume for the hydrophobic MIL and dispersion. Reducing the elution volume gave a slight increase in recovery, indicating MILs could be used for target enrichment after further optimization. MILs could also capture MS2 from romaine lettuce rinsate at comparable or even higher levels than from pure suspension, though loss in recovery was observed when the rinsate was prepared in an alkaline elution buffer. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential utility of MILs as concentration reagents for foodborne viruses, particularly for in-field applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-024-05662-6","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) have proven effective as capture reagents for foodborne bacterial pathogens; however, there are currently no published studies regarding their use with foodborne, non-enveloped viruses. In this study, a protocol was evaluated for capture and recovery of bacteriophage MS2, a human norovirus surrogate, and purified viral genomic single stranded RNA (ssRNA) from an aqueous suspension using MILs. Transition metal-based MILs showed similar capture and recovery efficiency for both targets. A rare earth metal-based MIL showed much greater capture efficiency than the transition metal-based MILs, but displayed similar recovery. All tested MILs showed slightly higher capture and recovery efficiency for free RNA in comparison to intact virus, though overall trends were similar, and most MILs could recover both targets at as little as 102 PFU/mL intact MS2 or copies/mL purified RNA. A plaque assay confirmed that contact with MILs did not significantly reduce viral infectivity. Adjusting MIL volume gave no significant changes in capture or recovery, likely due to interplay between volume for the hydrophobic MIL and dispersion. Reducing the elution volume gave a slight increase in recovery, indicating MILs could be used for target enrichment after further optimization. MILs could also capture MS2 from romaine lettuce rinsate at comparable or even higher levels than from pure suspension, though loss in recovery was observed when the rinsate was prepared in an alkaline elution buffer. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential utility of MILs as concentration reagents for foodborne viruses, particularly for in-field applications.
磁性离子液体(MILs)已被证明是有效的食源性细菌病原体捕获试剂,但目前还没有关于其用于食源性非包膜病毒的公开研究。本研究评估了使用 MILs 从水悬浮液中捕获和回收噬菌体 MS2、人诺如病毒替代物和纯化的病毒基因组单链 RNA (ssRNA) 的方案。过渡金属基 MIL 对两个目标的捕获和回收效率相似。稀土金属基 MIL 的捕获效率远高于过渡金属基 MIL,但回收率相似。与完整病毒相比,所有测试的 MIL 对游离 RNA 的捕获和回收效率都略高,但总体趋势相似,大多数 MIL 都能在低至 102 PFU/mL 完整 MS2 或拷贝数/mL 纯化 RNA 的情况下回收这两种目标。斑块检测证实,与 MIL 的接触不会显著降低病毒的感染性。调整 MIL 的体积对捕获或回收率没有明显影响,这可能是由于疏水性 MIL 的体积和分散性之间的相互作用。减少洗脱体积可使回收率略有提高,这表明 MIL 在进一步优化后可用于目标富集。MIL 还能从莴苣漂洗液中捕获 MS2,其捕获水平与纯悬浮液相当,甚至更高,不过在碱性洗脱缓冲液中制备漂洗液时,会出现回收率下降的情况。总之,这些结果证明了 MIL 作为食源性病毒浓缩试剂的潜在用途,特别是在现场应用中。
期刊介绍:
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry’s mission is the rapid publication of excellent and high-impact research articles on fundamental and applied topics of analytical and bioanalytical measurement science. Its scope is broad, and ranges from novel measurement platforms and their characterization to multidisciplinary approaches that effectively address important scientific problems. The Editors encourage submissions presenting innovative analytical research in concept, instrumentation, methods, and/or applications, including: mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, and electroanalysis; advanced separations; analytical strategies in “-omics” and imaging, bioanalysis, and sampling; miniaturized devices, medical diagnostics, sensors; analytical characterization of nano- and biomaterials; chemometrics and advanced data analysis.