The role of type 2 diabetes in the severity of adult asthma.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 ALLERGY Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1097/ACI.0000000000001045

Alisa Pham, Rose Corcoran, Dinah Foer

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Abstract

Purpose of review: This review summarizes recent basic, translational, and clinical research on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its relationship with asthma severity in the context of T2D mechanisms and asthma outcomes.

Recent findings: Several clinical asthma outcomes, such as lung function and exacerbations, demonstrate a strong association between T2D and asthma and support that T2D contributes to worse asthma outcomes. Multiple mechanisms underlying those observed associations, and their representative biomarkers, have been proposed. However, prospective, controlled human studies in the context of both T2D and asthma are limited.

Summary: T2D is associated with worse asthma outcomes and more severe asthma. Yet patients with more severe or uncontrolled asthma are also at a higher risk for systemic steroid exposure, which worsens glycemic control and metabolic dysregulation. Preclinical and translational studies point to metabolic dysregulation as a driver of airway inflammation. Addressing these metabolic pathways through T2D treatment may, in turn, directly or indirectly improve clinical asthma outcomes. While additional research is needed to identify biomarkers of risk and treatment response in metabolic asthma, this review highlights the importance of considering T2D as a clinically relevant asthma comorbidity.

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2 型糖尿病对成人哮喘严重程度的影响。

综述的目的：本综述从 T2D 机制和哮喘结果的角度，总结了有关 2 型糖尿病（T2D）及其与哮喘严重程度关系的最新基础、转化和临床研究：一些临床哮喘结果（如肺功能和病情恶化）表明，T2D 与哮喘之间存在密切联系，并支持 T2D 会导致哮喘结果恶化。人们提出了这些观察到的关联及其代表性生物标志物的多种机制。然而，针对 T2D 和哮喘的前瞻性对照人体研究还很有限。摘要：T2D 与更差的哮喘预后和更严重的哮喘有关。然而，患有更严重或未得到控制的哮喘的患者暴露于全身类固醇的风险也更高，这会使血糖控制和代谢失调恶化。临床前研究和转化研究表明，代谢失调是气道炎症的驱动因素。通过治疗 T2D 来解决这些代谢途径可能会直接或间接地改善哮喘的临床治疗效果。虽然还需要更多的研究来确定代谢性哮喘风险和治疗反应的生物标志物，但本综述强调了将 T2D 作为临床相关的哮喘合并症的重要性。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on one to three topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as upper airway disease; mechanisms of allergy and adult asthma; paediatric asthma and development of atopy; food and drug allergies; and immunotherapy.

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