Characteristics of patients with anaphylaxis to European hornet (Vespa crabro) venom compared to anaphylaxis to wasp (Vespula spp.) venom in southern Germany.

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ALLERGY International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1159/000542248
Mattis Bertlich, Felix Weber, Ines Bertlich, Benjamin Kendziora, Franziska Rueff, Jennifer L Spiegel, Lars E French, Eva Oppel
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Abstract

Background: Systemic hypersensitivity to hymenoptera species venom is the most common cause for anaphylaxis in adults. Due to similarities between hornet (Vespa crabro) and wasp (Vespula spp.) venom, patients with hornet venom anaphylaxis are often treated similarly to wasp-allergic patients. However, comparative data are scarce. This study aimed to analyze differences and similarities between these two groups.

Methods: A retrospective analysis with 42 patients with certain anaphylaxis to hornet venom was conducted. These were matched for age, gender, and CAP-class with 42 patients with wasp venom anaphylaxis. Clinical outcomes and treatment adherence were compared.

Results: Patients with hornet venom anaphylaxis showed a significantly higher degree of anaphylaxis (21 vs 9 patients with °III/IV anaphylaxis, p<0.001), despite similar tryptase-levels (6.3±8.3 vs. 5.1±4.2) or presence of mastocytosis (2 vs. 3). These patients also showed significantly lower therapy adherence, resulting in fewer patients undergoing specific immune therapy (29 vs. 37, p=0.030) or sting challenges (14 vs. 27, p=0.046). Both groups showed high efficacy of specific immunotherapy with wasp venom extract.

Conclusion: Hornet stings induce more severe anaphylaxis, while patients with hornet venom allergies demonstrate lower treatment compliance, likely due to inadequate education. Specific immunotherapy with wasp venom extract remains effective for both.

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德国南部欧洲大黄蜂(Vespa crabro)毒液过敏性休克患者的特征与黄蜂(Vespula spp.)
背景:对膜翅目物种毒液的全身性过敏是导致成人过敏性休克的最常见原因。由于大黄蜂(Vespa crabro)和黄蜂(Vespula spp.)毒液的相似性,大黄蜂毒液过敏性休克患者的治疗通常与黄蜂过敏患者类似。然而,比较数据却很少。本研究旨在分析这两类患者的异同:方法:本研究对 42 例对大黄蜂毒液过敏的患者进行了回顾性分析。这些患者的年龄、性别和 CAP 级与 42 名马蜂毒过敏性休克患者相匹配。对临床结果和治疗依从性进行了比较:结果:大黄蜂毒液过敏性休克患者的过敏性休克程度明显更高(21 例与 9 例 III/IV 级过敏性休克患者相比,P=0.05):大黄蜂蜇伤会诱发更严重的过敏性休克,而大黄蜂毒液过敏患者的治疗依从性较低,这可能是由于教育不足造成的。使用马蜂毒液提取物进行特异性免疫治疗对这两种过敏症都有效。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
3.60%
发文量
105
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: ''International Archives of Allergy and Immunology'' provides a forum for basic and clinical research in modern molecular and cellular allergology and immunology. Appearing monthly, the journal publishes original work in the fields of allergy, immunopathology, immunogenetics, immunopharmacology, immunoendocrinology, tumor immunology, mucosal immunity, transplantation and immunology of infectious and connective tissue diseases.
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