COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Associated Factors Among Persons With Disabilities in Ghana's Ashanti Region

IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Health Science Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI:10.1002/hsr2.70210

Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Irene G. Ampomah, Theophilus I. Emeto

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Abstract

Background

Persons with disabilities (PWD) are often marginalized and face barriers to accessing health services. This study aimed to examine the COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its predictors among PWDs in the Ashanti region of Ghana, where about 17% of the population has some form of disability.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 402 PWDs in two districts of the Ashanti Region of Ghana from December 2021 to March 2022. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (binary logistic regression).

Results

The majority (68.7%) of the respondents had received the COVID-19 vaccine. The vaccine uptake was significantly higher among PWDs with visual impairments (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.07–3.09; p = 0.028), older age groups (aOR = 4.95; 95% CI = 1.86–13.21; p = 0.001 for those aged 60 and above), those with junior high school level of education (aOR = 2.21; 95% CI = 1.05–4.64; p = 0.036), and those who were employed (aOR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.07–3.99; p = 0.031), compared to their respective reference groups.

Conclusion

The study revealed a moderate level of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PWDs in the Ashanti region, which may indicate some positive attitudes towards the prevention of the virus. However, there were disparities in the vaccine uptake by disability type, age, education, and employment status, which suggest the need for tailored interventions to address the specific needs and preferences of different subgroups of PWDs. The study also provides a basis for further research on the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among PWDs in Ghana and other similar settings. To enhance the vaccine coverage and equity among the marginalized groups in the region, more practical and inclusive strategies are needed to overcome the barriers and challenges faced by PWDs in accessing the COVID-19 vaccine.

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加纳阿散蒂地区残疾人COVID-19疫苗接种情况及相关因素

背景：残疾人往往被边缘化，在获得保健服务方面面临障碍。本研究旨在研究加纳阿散蒂地区残疾人士的COVID-19疫苗接种情况及其预测因素，该地区约17%的人口患有某种形式的残疾。方法于2021年12月至2022年3月对加纳阿散蒂地区2个县的402名残疾人进行横断面调查。使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用描述性（频率和百分比）和推理统计（二元逻辑回归）进行分析。结果68.7%的应答者接种了新冠肺炎疫苗。有视力障碍的残疾儿童的疫苗接种率明显较高(aOR = 1.81；95% ci = 1.07-3.09；p = 0.028)，较大年龄组(aOR = 4.95；95% ci = 1.86-13.21；60岁及以上者p = 0.001)，初中文化程度者(aOR = 2.21；95% ci = 1.05-4.64；p = 0.036)，被雇佣者(aOR = 2.07；95% ci = 1.07-3.99；P = 0.031)，与各自参照组相比。结论阿散蒂地区残疾人对COVID-19疫苗的接种率处于中等水平，这可能表明他们对该病毒的预防持积极态度。然而，根据残疾类型、年龄、教育程度和就业状况，疫苗接种率存在差异，这表明需要采取有针对性的干预措施，以满足不同残疾人士亚群的具体需求和偏好。该研究还为进一步研究加纳和其他类似环境中残疾人接受COVID-19疫苗的影响因素提供了基础。为了提高该地区边缘化群体的疫苗覆盖率和公平性，需要制定更加务实和包容的战略，以克服残疾人在获得COVID-19疫苗方面面临的障碍和挑战。

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