Diabetes remission in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus through short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion intensive therapy combined with low-carbohydrate diet treatment.

Abstract

Aim/introduction: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) intensive therapy combined with a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) for diabetes remission in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods: This study included patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were randomly divided into two groups: conventional (conventional CSII + traditional lifestyle guidance); and intensive (intensive CSII + LCD lifestyle guidance). CSII was used for blood glucose control, with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) used to monitor blood glucose levels. The primary outcome measure was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level; secondary outcomes included body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glycemic control, and biochemical indices.

Results: The time in range (TIR) in the intensive treatment group was greater than that in the conventional treatment group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the conventional treatment group, diabetes remission rates were significantly greater in the intensive treatment group (P < 0.05). In the intensive treatment group, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, Homeostasis Model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and changes in body weight, BMI, visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). FPG, HOMA-IR, TG, LDL-c, and changes in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and VFA were significantly correlated with HbA1c levels (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The combination of intensive CSII and LCD lifestyle guidance had been improved the remission rate in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.