Power Oscillation Localization: A Synchrophasor Based Adaptive Vold-Kalman Filtering Energy Flow

Abstract

With widespread deployments of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in power systems, the localization of power oscillations using synchrophasor measurements has become feasible. However, the classical method for source localization, known as the energy-based method, is significantly impacted by noise and other irrelevant frequency components, which are common in synchrophasor measurements. In response to this challenge, the paper proposes an adaptive Vold-Kalman filtering-based Energy method (A-VKF-Energy). Initially, the Fast Fourier Transform is employed to identify oscillation frequency in active power, offering a reference for subsequent component extraction. The Adaptive Vold-Kalman filtering is then utilized to extract oscillation components from PMU data, which are subsequently employed in computing dissipating energy for each branch. Moreover, the slope ratio of the energy is employed as an indicator of the energy flow direction in the power system, automating the process of determining the source of oscillations. The superior performance of adaptive Vold-Kalman filtering in frequency coupling is verified by simulated experiments. Furthermore, simulation using WECC 179 test case data and actual experiments using a real oscillation event are carried out to verify the effectiveness of proposed method. The results reveal that A-VKF-Energy method can successfully identify oscillation sources.