Factors associated with comorbidity development in atopic dermatitis: a cross-section study

Abstract

Identifying the characteristics of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients with its comorbidity has become increasingly crucial. We aimed to investigate the relevant factors associated with comorbidities in adults with AD. We analyzed cross-sectional data through univariate and multivariate regression analyses, encompassing 439 adult cases of AD from the Clinical Research and Homogenization Diagnosis and Treatment Project for Type 2 Inflammatory Dermatosis. It was found that 231 patients developed at least one comorbidity. 161 cases had a positive family history of atopy, 292 exhibited elevated IgE levels. A family history of allergic rhinitis or sinusitis was found to be associated with concurrent diseases (OR (95% CI): 2.92 (1.41–6.06) in model 1; 2.71 (1.27–5.77) in model 2; 3.59 (1.75–7.37) in model 3; 3.38 (1.62–7.05) in model 4; 3.60 (1.83–7.08) in model 5; 3.56 (1.78–7.12) in model 6). The linkage between elevated IgE levels and concurrent diseases with different classifications was negative (OR (95% CI): 0.51 (0.33–0.79) in model 1; 0.51 (0.33–0.80) in model 2; 0.51 (0.33–0.79) in model 3; 0.52 (0.33–0.81) in model 4; 0.45 (0.29–0.71) in model 5; 0.47 (0.30–0.73) in model 6). Scores for familial atopy (OR (95% CI): 1.56 (1.00-2.44) in model 2; 1.59 (1.03–2.48) in model 4; 1.84 (1.19–2.84) in model 6) were positively associated with comorbidities. Factors associated with comorbidity development in AD included a family history of allergic rhinitis or sinusitis, elevated IgE levels and scores indicating familial atopy. These relevant factors might contribute to improved discrimination and early intervention for comorbidities in individuals with AD.