CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF CHOROIDAL OSTEOMA IN ASIAN INDIANS (80 PATIENTS).

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of choroidal osteoma in Indian patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 80 patients (100 eyes) between October 2, 2012, and May 15, 2024.

Results: Forty-nine (61%) participants were female, and 31 (39%) were male. The most common age group was the second decade (n = 27, 34%). Tumor ossification with intact retinal pigment epithelium was observed in 37 (44%) eyes, and tumor deossification with/without retinal pigment epithelium atrophy was observed in 55 (65%). Associated features observed were choroidal neovascularization (choroidal neovascularization [CNV]) in 40 (40%) eyes, subretinal fluid without CNV in 4 (4%) eyes, and documented tumor growth in 6 (6%) eyes (mean interval, 4 years). At 4 and 8 years, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed tumor growth in 18% and 38% of eyes, respectively. Of the 83 eyes, optical coherence tomography showed the presence of choroidal lamellae in ossified zones in 30 eyes (100%), CNV in 40 (48%) eyes, subretinal fluid without CNV or growth in 8 (10%) eyes, and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy with deossification in 53 (64%) eyes. Treatment included intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for CNV in 39 eyes, transpupillary thermotherapy in 3, and focal laser photocoagulation in 1 eye to the perifoveal leaning edge with subretinal fluid without CNV. The mean BCVA changed from 0.4 to 0.6 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units (6/15-6/24 Snellen's equivalent) at a mean follow-up of 19 months (3-149 months).

Conclusion: Choroidal osteoma is a unilateral condition observed in females. Although benign, the presence of CNV, subretinal fluid, or tumor growth requires treatment and periodic surveillance.