Elemental stoichiometry and insect chill tolerance: evolved and plastic changes in organismal Na+ and K+ content in Drosophila.

IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOLOGY Biology Open Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1242/bio.060597
Sarah C Chalmer, Seth M Rudman, Mads K Andersen, Paul Schmidt, Heath A MacMillan
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Abstract

Acclimation and evolutionary adaptation can produce phenotypic changes that allow organisms to cope with challenges. Determining the relative contributions and the underlying mechanisms driving phenotypic shifts from acclimation and adaptation is of central importance to understanding animal responses to change. Rates of evolution have traditionally been considered slow relative to ecological processes that shape biodiversity. Many organisms nonetheless show patterns of genetic variation that suggest that adaptation may act sufficiently fast to allow continuous change in phenotypes in response to environmental change (called 'adaptive tracking'). In Drosophila, both plastic and evolved differences in chill tolerance are associated with ionoregulation. Here, we combine an acclimation experiment, field collections along a well-characterized latitudinal cline, and a replicated field experiment to assess the concordance in the direction, magnitude, and potential mechanisms of acclimation and adaptation on chill coma recovery and elemental (Na and K) stoichiometry in both sexes of Drosophila melanogaster. Acclimation strongly shaped chill coma recovery, spatial adaptation produced comparatively modest effects, and temporal adaptation had no significant effect. Leveraging knowledge on the mechanisms underlying variation in chill tolerance traits, we find that relationships between elemental stoichiometry and chill coma recovery in the context of acclimation may differ from those that are associated with spatial adaptive change.

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元素化学计量学和昆虫抗寒性:果蝇有机Na+和K+含量的进化和塑性变化。
驯化和进化适应可以产生表型变化,使生物体能够应对挑战。确定从驯化和适应中驱动表型转变的相关贡献和潜在机制对于理解动物对变化的反应至关重要。与形成生物多样性的生态过程相比,进化的速度历来被认为是缓慢的。然而,许多生物体表现出的遗传变异模式表明,适应可能足够快,从而允许表型随着环境变化而持续变化(称为“适应性跟踪”)。在果蝇中,可塑性和耐寒性的进化差异都与离子调节有关。在此,我们结合驯化实验、沿特定纬度梯度的野外采集和重复的野外实验,评估了驯化和适应对黑腹果蝇两性冷醒恢复和元素(Na和K)化学计量的方向、幅度和潜在机制的一致性。驯化对冷昏迷恢复的影响较大,空间适应对冷昏迷恢复的影响较小,时间适应对冷昏迷恢复的影响不显著。利用对耐寒性状变异机制的了解,我们发现在驯化背景下,元素化学计量与冷昏迷恢复之间的关系可能不同于与空间适应性变化相关的关系。
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来源期刊
Biology Open
Biology Open BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
162
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Biology Open (BiO) is an online Open Access journal that publishes peer-reviewed original research across all aspects of the biological sciences. BiO aims to provide rapid publication for scientifically sound observations and valid conclusions, without a requirement for perceived impact.
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