Risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV.

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI:10.1097/QCO.0000000000001080

Merle Henderson, Alan Winston

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Cognitive disorders persist in persons with HIV, despite virologically suppressive antiretroviral therapy. We summarize the current evidence on risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV in the modern antiretroviral therapy-era.

Recent findings: Recent consensus recommendations have proposed a new approach for defining cognitive impairment in persons with HIV, which distinguishes true cognitive impairment from low cognitive performance alone and considers both HIV and non-HIV-associated causes of brain injury. Adverse mental health, risks associated with substance misuse, and an increasing burden of age-related comorbidities have been highlighted as important contributors toward cognitive decline in this population. Aging may potentiate these risk factors through polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions.

Summary: Cognitive decline in persons with HIV is likely multifactorial, with contributions from both HIV and non-HIV-associated mechanisms, particularly age-related comorbidities. With an aging community of persons with HIV, screening for risk factors associated with cognitive decline may be crucial to implement appropriate risk reduction strategies.

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艾滋病毒感染者认知能力下降的危险因素。

综述的目的：尽管抗病毒抑制抗逆转录病毒治疗，艾滋病毒感染者的认知障碍仍然存在。我们总结了在现代抗逆转录病毒治疗时代艾滋病毒感染者认知能力下降的危险因素的现有证据。最近的发现：最近的共识建议提出了一种定义艾滋病毒感染者认知障碍的新方法，该方法将真正的认知障碍与单纯的认知能力低下区分开来，并考虑艾滋病毒和非艾滋病毒相关的脑损伤原因。不良的心理健康、与药物滥用相关的风险以及与年龄相关的合并症负担的增加被强调为导致这一人群认知能力下降的重要因素。衰老可能通过多种作用和药物-药物相互作用增强这些危险因素。总结：艾滋病毒感染者的认知能力下降可能是多因素的，与艾滋病毒和非艾滋病毒相关的机制都有关系，特别是与年龄相关的合并症。随着艾滋病毒感染者的老龄化，筛查与认知能力下降相关的风险因素可能对实施适当的降低风险战略至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.60%

发文量

121

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on two topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Infectious Disease delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as HIV infection and AIDS; skin and soft tissue infections; respiratory infections; paediatric and neonatal infections; gastrointestinal infections; tropical and travel-associated diseases; and antimicrobial agents.

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