Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in children at risk of acute myocardial infarction: A comprehensive review

IF 0.9 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2024.102341

M. Morales-Suárez-Varela , C. Torrijo Belanche , M. Saez , I. Peraita-Costa , A. Llopis-González

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Abstract

While acute myocardial infarction is rare in children, a part of the pediatric population is at a higher risk due to preexisting non-modifiable conditions. To mitigate the risk, modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet or sedentary lifestyle should be controlled from childhood, promoting healthy habits from the earliest stages. The primary purpose of this review is to assess the evidence on lifestyle/nutrition related modifiable risk factor intervention on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in children found in four databases, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and WoS. After screening, 29 of 272 articles assessed met the inclusion criteria. We found evidence that a healthy lifestyle, including an adequate dietary pattern and good eating habits in childhood, reduces the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction. The data retrieved from this review are consistent with the hypothesis that a healthy lifestyle might contribute lower the risk of acute myocardial infarction in at-risk children.

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儿童急性心肌梗死可改变的心血管危险因素：一项全面的综述。

虽然急性心肌梗死在儿童中很少见，但由于先前存在的不可改变的条件，一部分儿科人群的风险更高。为了降低风险，应该从童年开始控制不健康的饮食或久坐不动的生活方式等可改变的风险因素，从最早的阶段促进健康的习惯。本综述的主要目的是评估在PubMed、Embase、Scopus和WoS四个数据库中发现的与生活方式/营养相关的可改变危险因素干预儿童急性心肌梗死风险的证据。经过筛选，272篇文章中有29篇符合纳入标准。我们发现有证据表明，健康的生活方式，包括儿童时期适当的饮食模式和良好的饮食习惯，可以降低急性心肌梗死的患病率。从本综述中检索到的数据与健康的生活方式可能有助于降低高危儿童急性心肌梗死风险的假设一致。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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