Estimation of autocorrelation functions of atmospheric electric field variations using a Golomb array of sensors

IF 4.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Atmospheric Research Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107847
S.V. Anisimov, S.V. Galichenko, A.A. Prokhorchuk, E.V. Klimanova, A.S. Kozmina, K.V. Aphinogenov
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Abstract

Atmospheric electric filed (AEF) measured at the earthʼs surface varies in time and space in an irregular manner, which makes interpreting the results of such measurements a challenging task. Simultaneous measurements of the AEF using several sensors make it possible to study the spatiotemporal structure of AEF variations associated with local sources. In one dimension there is an optimal placement of sensors along a straight line with distances between them that are proportional to the divisions in the Golomb ruler such that, with a fixed number of sensors, there is a maximum possible number of different pairwise distances. An array of 7 electric field mills in a line and one more at a distance greater than the total length of the Golomb ruler was used to obtain simultaneous observational data set and estimate temporal and spatial autocorrelation functions of AEF variations in the range of distances 2.5–400 m and frequency range 10−3–1 Hz. In addition, to quantitatively describe and interpret the obtained dependences, the autocorrelation functions of the electric field created over a conducting plane by extended one-dimensional random Gaussian charge distribution with exponential autocorrelation function are analyzed. It is found that autocorrelation functions of observed and modeled electric field can be approximated by incomplete gamma functions with parameters depending on the height of charges and the correlation radius in charge distribution. The integral scales of AEF variations of local nature are examined depending on the same parameters, and the time integral scale is found to be inversely depends on the density of zeros of standardized time series of the AEF. The autocorrelation function of electric field created by charges, which are located at a distance from the earthʼs surface, much less than correlation radius in charge distribution, is the same as for the charges, and the rate of its decline decreases with increasing height of the system of charges.
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利用Golomb传感器阵列估计大气电场变化的自相关函数
在地球表面测量的大气电场(AEF)随时间和空间的变化呈不规则的变化,这使得对这种测量结果的解释成为一项具有挑战性的任务。使用多个传感器同时测量AEF,可以研究与局部源相关的AEF变化的时空结构。在一个维度中,传感器沿着一条直线的最佳位置,它们之间的距离与Golomb标尺中的分割成正比,这样,在固定数量的传感器下,存在最大可能数量的不同成对距离。利用7个电场磨在一条线上排列,另外一个电场磨在大于Golomb尺长度的距离上排列,获得了同时观测数据集,并估计了距离为2.5 ~ 400 m,频率为10−3-1 Hz范围内AEF变化的时空自相关函数。此外,为了定量地描述和解释得到的依赖关系,分析了由扩展的一维随机高斯电荷分布和指数自相关函数在导电平面上产生的电场的自相关函数。发现观测到的和模拟的电场的自相关函数可以用不完全伽马函数来近似,其参数取决于电荷的高度和电荷分布中的相关半径。在相同的参数下,研究了局地性质的风电场变化的积分尺度,发现时间积分尺度与风电场标准化时间序列的零点密度成反比。距离地球表面一定距离的电荷产生电场的自相关函数远小于电荷分布的相关半径,其自相关函数与电荷的自相关函数相同,且随电荷体系高度的增加,其下降速率减小。
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Research
Atmospheric Research 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
10.90%
发文量
460
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: The journal publishes scientific papers (research papers, review articles, letters and notes) dealing with the part of the atmosphere where meteorological events occur. Attention is given to all processes extending from the earth surface to the tropopause, but special emphasis continues to be devoted to the physics of clouds, mesoscale meteorology and air pollution, i.e. atmospheric aerosols; microphysical processes; cloud dynamics and thermodynamics; numerical simulation, climatology, climate change and weather modification.
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