Ecological restoration orientated application and modification of constructed wetland substrates.

IF 7.7 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Research Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2024.120635
Jiapeng Yang, Shuiping Cheng, Yongqiang Wang, LinLin Li, Shaoyong Lu
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Abstract

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have gained recognition as an environmentally friendly and cost-efficient option for treating municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastewater. They treat wastewater by harnessing the combined action of physical, chemical, and biological processes within substrates, plants, and microorganisms, with substrates exerting the greatest influence on the life cycle and purification efficiency of the system. This review provides an in-depth discussion on the development and performance of various substrate types used in CWs, including natural materials, ore-based materials, biomass materials, waste materials, and modified and novel materials. Key substrate modification techniques are summarized in detail, such as acid-base treatment, metal doping, compound modification, and heat treatment, which enhance structural and functional properties to improve pollutant removal. The paper also systematically explores the mechanisms of introducing methods like inorganic electronic enhancement and describes their applications in improving pollutant removal in CW systems. This review provides a holistic evaluation of substrate classification and optimization strategies and a prospective discussion of their challenges and opportunities in practical applications. It contributes to the creation of more efficient and sustainable materials for CW systems and provides theoretical support for selecting and optimizing substrates, thereby driving progress in wastewater treatment technology.

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作为处理市政、工业和农业废水的一种环保且具有成本效益的选择,人工湿地(CWs)已得到广泛认可。它们通过利用基质、植物和微生物内的物理、化学和生物过程的综合作用来处理废水,其中基质对系统的生命周期和净化效率影响最大。本综述深入探讨了化武中使用的各种基质类型的发展和性能,包括天然材料、矿石基材料、生物质材料、废料以及改性和新型材料。文中详细总结了基底改性的关键技术,如酸碱处理、金属掺杂、化合物改性和热处理等,这些技术可增强基底的结构和功能特性,从而提高污染物的去除率。本文还系统地探讨了引入无机电子增强等方法的机理,并介绍了这些方法在改善化武系统污染物去除效果方面的应用。本综述对基质分类和优化策略进行了全面评估,并对其在实际应用中面临的挑战和机遇进行了前瞻性讨论。它有助于为化武系统创造更高效、更可持续的材料,并为选择和优化基质提供理论支持,从而推动废水处理技术的进步。
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来源期刊
Environmental Research
Environmental Research 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
8.40%
发文量
2480
审稿时长
4.7 months
期刊介绍: The Environmental Research journal presents a broad range of interdisciplinary research, focused on addressing worldwide environmental concerns and featuring innovative findings. Our publication strives to explore relevant anthropogenic issues across various environmental sectors, showcasing practical applications in real-life settings.
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