Optic neuritis in demyelinating diseases: study of 38 cases.

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-15 DOI:10.1055/s-0044-1792093
João Marcos Campos Ferreira, Cristiane Rebello Gomes de Souza Fontes, Carolina do Val Ferreira Ramos, Osvaldo J M Nascimento
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Abstract

Background:  Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve caused by genetic factors, external influences, and the activation of cross-reactive immune responses to infections.

Objective:  To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients presenting optic neuritis as the initial symptom of some demyelinating diseases, divided among multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG)-associated disorders (MOGADs).

Methods:  Thirty-eight patients who had optic neuritis as their first symptom and later developed MS, NMOSD, or MOGADs were analyzed.

Results:  There were thirty-four female patients (90%) and 4 male patients (10%); 23 (60%) were white and 15 (40%) were black. The most frequent definitive diagnosis was MS, with 24 (63%) cases, followed by NMOSD with 12 (32%) cases, and MOGADs with 2 (5%) cases. Regarding age, 9 (24%) were under 20 years old, 19 (50%) were between 20 and 30 years old, 6 (21%) were between 31 and 40 years old, and 2 (5%) were over 41 years old. As for the time to diagnosis, MS required 54 months in the public sector and 12 months in the private sector. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder took 108 months in the private sector and 14.5 months in the public sector, while MOGADs averaged 2 months in the private sector.

Conclusion:  Patients with optic neuritis as the initial symptom were predominantly female, aged between 21 and 40 years, and of predominantly white ethnicity, with a higher prevalence of MS. Additionally, a direct relationship between the healthcare sector and the time to diagnosis became evident.

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脱髓鞘疾病中的视神经炎:对 38 个病例的研究。
背景:视神经炎是一种视神经炎症,由遗传因素、外界影响和感染引起的交叉反应性免疫反应激活所致:目的:描述以视神经炎为首发症状的脱髓鞘疾病患者的临床和流行病学特征,这些脱髓鞘疾病包括多发性硬化症(MS)、神经脊髓炎视神经谱系障碍(NMOSD)和髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白-免疫球蛋白G(MOG-IgG)相关疾病(MOGADs):方法:对38例以视神经炎为首发症状,随后发展为多发性硬化症、NMOSD或MOGADs的患者进行分析:结果:34 名女性患者(90%)和 4 名男性患者(10%);23 名白人患者(60%)和 15 名黑人患者(40%)。最常见的明确诊断是多发性硬化症,有 24 例(63%),其次是 NMOSD,有 12 例(32%),MOGADs 有 2 例(5%)。在年龄方面,9 人(24%)在 20 岁以下,19 人(50%)在 20-30 岁之间,6 人(21%)在 31-40 岁之间,2 人(5%)在 41 岁以上。至于确诊时间,多发性硬化症在公共部门需要 54 个月,在私营部门需要 12 个月。神经性视脊髓炎谱系障碍在私立医疗机构需要108个月,在公立医疗机构需要14.5个月,而MOGADs在私立医疗机构平均需要2个月:结论:以视神经炎为首发症状的患者以女性为主,年龄在 21 岁至 40 岁之间,以白人为主,多发性硬化症的发病率较高。此外,医疗机构与诊断时间之间的直接关系也很明显。
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来源期刊
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
7.10%
发文量
262
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the official journal of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology. The mission of the journal is to provide neurologists, specialists and researchers in Neurology and related fields with open access to original articles (clinical and translational research), editorials, reviews, historical papers, neuroimages and letters about published manuscripts. It also publishes the consensus and guidelines on Neurology, as well as educational and scientific material from the different scientific departments of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology. The ultimate goals of the journal are to contribute to advance knowledge in the areas of Neurology and Neuroscience, and to provide valuable material for training and continuing education for neurologists and other health professionals working in the area. These goals might contribute to improving care for patients with neurological diseases. We aim to be the best Neuroscience journal in Latin America within the peer review system.
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