Low income, being without employment, and living alone: how they are associated with cognitive functioning-Results from the German national cohort (NAKO).

IF 1.6 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1080/13825585.2024.2438825

Francisca S Rodriguez, Susanne Röhr, Nico Dragano, Börge Schmidt, Heiko Becher, Tamara Schikowski, Sylvia Gastell, Volker Harth, Hanno Hoven, Jakob Linseisen, Karina Halina Greiser, Michael Leitzmann, Patricia Bohmann, Stefanie Castell, Jana-Kristin Heise, Lilian Krist, Thomas Keil, André Karch, Henning Teismann, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Tobias Pischon, Annette Peters, Amand Führer, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Kathrin Günther, Tilman Brand, Claudia Meinke-Franze, Sabine Schipf, Hans J Grabe, Hermann Brenner, Lena Koch-Gallenkamp, Klaus Berger, Michael Wagner, Verena Katzke, Wolfgang Lieb, Alexander Pabst, Steffi G Riedel-Heller

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Abstract

Aim was to investigate to what extent cognitive functioning differs by three socioeconomic conditions: low income, being without employment, and living alone. A total of N = 158,144 participants of the population-based German National Cohort (NAKO) provided data on socioeconomic conditions and completed cognitive tests. Multivariable confounder-adjusted regression analyses indicated that cognitive functioning was lower in those with low income (b = -0.21) compared to not having low income, living alone (b = -0.04) compared to not living alone, and being without employment (b = -0.09) compared to being employed. An interaction with age indicated that the difference in cognitive functioning was getting larger with age between the income groups and living alone status groups. Accordingly, the three conditions appear independently associated with poorer cognitive functioning. Pathways of how cognitive health in this population group can be improved need to be explored.

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低收入、失业和独居：它们与认知功能的关系——来自德国国家队列（NAKO）的结果。

目的是调查三种社会经济条件下认知功能的差异程度：低收入、失业和独居。基于人群的德国国家队列（NAKO）共有N = 158,144名参与者提供了社会经济条件的数据并完成了认知测试。多变量混杂校正回归分析表明，低收入者（b = -0.21）的认知功能低于非低收入者，独居者（b = -0.04）的认知功能低于非独居者，失业者（b = -0.09）的认知功能低于在职者。与年龄的相互作用表明，随着年龄的增长，收入群体和独居群体之间的认知功能差异越来越大。因此，这三种情况似乎与较差的认知功能独立相关。需要探索如何改善这一人群的认知健康的途径。

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来源期刊

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Multiple-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The purposes of Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition are to (a) publish research on both the normal and dysfunctional aspects of cognitive development in adulthood and aging, and (b) promote the integration of theories, methods, and research findings between the fields of cognitive gerontology and neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of the journal is to publish original empirical research. Occasionally, theoretical or methodological papers, critical reviews of a content area, or theoretically relevant case studies will also be published.