New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Intestinal Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Focusing on Intestinal Smooth Muscle Cells.

IF 4.5 3区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI:10.1093/ibd/izae292
Maria Kalafateli, Evanthia Tourkochristou, Efthymios P Tsounis, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Christos Triantos
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Strictures in inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn's disease (CD), are characterized by increased intestinal wall thickness, which, according to recent accumulating data, is mainly attributed to the expansion of the intestinal smooth muscle layers and to a lesser extent to collagen deposition. In this review, we will discuss the role of intestinal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as crucial orchestrators of stricture formation. Activated SMCs can synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM), thus contributing to intestinal fibrosis, as well as growth factors and cytokines that can further enhance ECM production, stimulate other surrounding mesenchymal and immune cells, and increase SMC proliferation via paracrine or autocrine signaling. There is also evidence that, in stricturing CD, a phenotypic modulation of SMC toward a myofibroblast-like synthetic phenotype takes place. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that regulate SMC hyperplasia/hypertrophy will be extensively reviewed. The understanding of the cellular network and the molecular background behind stricture formation is essential for the design of effective anti-fibrotic strategies, and SMCs might be a promising therapeutic target in the future.

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炎症性肠病中肠纤维化发病机制的新见解:聚焦肠平滑肌细胞。
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来源期刊
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 医学-胃肠肝病学
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
6.10%
发文量
462
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases® supports the mission of the Crohn''s & Colitis Foundation by bringing the most impactful and cutting edge clinical topics and research findings related to inflammatory bowel diseases to clinicians and researchers working in IBD and related fields. The Journal is committed to publishing on innovative topics that influence the future of clinical care, treatment, and research.
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