Declining trend of HTLV-1 among organ/ tissue donors in Iranian Tissue Bank between 2014-2021.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Retrovirology Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1186/s12977-024-00656-9

Arash Letafati, Sayed Hamidreza Mozhgani, Mehdi Norouzi, Amir Aboofazeli, Zahra Taghiabadi, Negar Zafarian, Saba Seyedi, Elnaz Mohammad Jaberi, Sedigheh Poursaleh, Maryam Karami, Sheida Sarrafzadeh, Ahmadreza Sadeghi

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Abstract

Background: Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with serious disorders, including Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). In addition to sexual, vertical, parenteral, and blood transfusion, organ/tissue transplantation is considered as a transmission route of HTLV infection. Given the substantial risk of HTLV-1 transmission and the subsequent development of HAM/TSP (approximately 40%) in kidney transplant recipients, pre-transplant donor screening is crucial. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HTLV-1 in potential organ/tissue donors referred to the Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center (ITBRC).

Materials and methods: The study population was potential organ and/or tissue donors referred to ITBRC between 2014 and 2021, including two groups of brain death (potential donors of organs and/or tissues) and circulatory death donors (potential tissue donors from Iranian Legal Medicine Organization). Initial screening was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and positive cases were confirmed for HTLV-1 infection with polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: 111 out of 3,814 donors were positive for HTLV-1 (3%). The rate of positive tests between 2014 and 2017 was 6%, which was significantly higher than the positive tests percentage between 2017 and 2021 with 0.5% (P-value < 0.001). The rate of test positivity in females was 4% compared to 2% in males (P-value = 0.001). Furthermore, individuals diagnosed with brain death exhibited a significantly lower likelihood of HTLV-1 infection (0.2%) compared to cases with circulatory death (4%) (P-value < 0.001).

Conclusion: Considering the contraindication of organ/tissue donation from donors with HTLV-1 positive test, these findings give an insight into the prevalence of HTLV-1 among potential organ/tissue donors in Iran. Moreover, the higher prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in circulatory death donors from Iranian Legal Medicine Organization urges for cautious evaluation in these donors.

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2014-2021年伊朗组织库器官/组织供体HTLV-1下降趋势

背景：人t细胞嗜淋巴病毒1型（HTLV-1）感染与严重疾病相关，包括成人t细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ATLL）和HTLV-1相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性截瘫（HAM/TSP）。除了性、垂直、肠外和输血外，器官/组织移植被认为是HTLV感染的传播途径。考虑到肾移植受者HTLV-1传播的巨大风险和随后发生的HAM/TSP（约40%），移植前供者筛查至关重要。本研究旨在调查HTLV-1在伊朗组织库和研究中心（ITBRC）潜在器官/组织供体中的流行情况。材料和方法：研究人群为2014年至2021年间向ITBRC提交的潜在器官和/或组织供体，包括两组脑死亡供体（器官和/或组织的潜在供体）和循环死亡供体（来自伊朗法律医学组织的潜在组织供体）。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行初步筛选，阳性病例采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）确诊为HTLV-1感染。结果：3814例献血者中有111例HTLV-1阳性（3%）。2014 - 2017年的阳性率为6%，显著高于2017 - 2021年的0.5% （p值）。结论：考虑到HTLV-1阳性供体器官/组织捐赠的禁禁症，这些发现有助于了解伊朗潜在器官/组织供体HTLV-1的患病率。此外，伊朗法律医学组织的血液循环死亡供体中HTLV-1感染的流行率较高，敦促对这些供体进行谨慎评估。

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来源期刊

Retrovirology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>0 weeks

期刊介绍： Retrovirology is an open access, online journal that publishes stringently peer-reviewed, high-impact articles on host-pathogen interactions, fundamental mechanisms of replication, immune defenses, animal models, and clinical science relating to retroviruses. Retroviruses are pleiotropically found in animals. Well-described examples include avian, murine and primate retroviruses. Two human retroviruses are especially important pathogens. These are the human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, and the human T-cell leukemia virus, HTLV. HIV causes AIDS while HTLV-1 is the etiological agent for adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Retrovirology aims to cover comprehensively all aspects of human and animal retrovirus research.