Observational prospects of self-interacting scalar superradiance with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors

IF 3.6 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Classical and Quantum Gravity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI:10.1088/1361-6382/ad96ff
Spencer Collaviti, Ling Sun, Marios Galanis and Masha Baryakhtar
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Abstract

Current- and next-generation gravitational-wave observatories may reveal new, ultralight bosons. Through the superradiance process, these theoretical particle candidates can form clouds around astrophysical black holes and result in detectable gravitational-wave radiation. In the absence of detections, constraints—contingent on astrophysical assumptions—have been derived using LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data on boson masses. However, the searches for ultralight scalars to date have not adequately considered self-interactions between particles. Self-interactions that significantly alter superradiance dynamics are generically present for many scalar models, including axion-like dark matter candidates and string axions. We implement the most complete treatment of particle self-interactions available to determine the gravitational-wave signatures expected from superradiant scalar clouds and revisit the constraints obtained in a past gravitational-wave search targeting the black hole in Cygnus X-1. We also project the reach of next-generation gravitational-wave observatories to scalar particle parameter space in the mass-coupling plane. We find that while proposed observatories have insufficient reach to self-interactions that can halt black hole spin-down, next-generation observatories are essential for expanding the search beyond gravitational parameter space and can reach a mass and interaction scale of –10−12 eV and GeV, respectively.
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来源期刊
Classical and Quantum Gravity
Classical and Quantum Gravity 物理-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
8.60%
发文量
301
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Classical and Quantum Gravity is an established journal for physicists, mathematicians and cosmologists in the fields of gravitation and the theory of spacetime. The journal is now the acknowledged world leader in classical relativity and all areas of quantum gravity.
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