Prevalence of refractive errors in school-aged and preadolescent children in Colombia.

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY International journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-12-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.18240/ijo.2024.12.18

Diana Garcia-Lozada, Diana Valeria Rey-Rodríguez, Sara Viviana Angulo-Sánchez, Jenny Maritza Sánchez-Espinosa

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Abstract

Aim: To describe the distribution of refractive errors by age and sex among schoolchildren in Soacha, Colombia.

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in five urban public schools in the municipality of Soacha. A total of 1161 school-aged and pre-adolescent children, aged 5-12y were examined during the school year 2021-2022. Examinations included visual acuity and static refraction. Spherical equivalent (SE) was analysed as follows: myopia SE≤-0.50 D and uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25 or worse; high myopia SE≤-6.00 D; hyperopia SE≥+1.00 D (≥7y) or SE≥+2.00 D (5-6y); significant hyperopia SE≥+3.00 D. Astigmatism was defined as a cylinder in at least one eye ≥1.00 D (≥7y) or ≥1.75 D (5-6y). If at least one eye was ametropic, children were classified according to the refractive error found.

Results: Of the 1139 schoolchildren included, 50.6% were male, 58.8% were aged between 5 and 9y, and 12.1% were already using optical correction. The most common refractive error was astigmatism (31.1%), followed by myopia (20.8%) and hyperopia (13.1%). There was no significant relationship between refractive error and sex. There was a significant increase in astigmatism (P<0.001) and myopia (P<0.0001) with age.

Conclusion: Astigmatism is the most common refractive error in children in an urban area of Colombia. Emmetropia decreased and myopia increased with age.

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哥伦比亚学龄和青春期前儿童屈光不正患病率。

目的：了解哥伦比亚Soacha小学生屈光不正的年龄和性别分布。方法：这是一项在索阿查市五所城市公立学校进行的观察性横断面研究。在2021-2022学年期间，共有1161名5-12岁的学龄和青春期前儿童接受了检查。检查包括视力和静态屈光。球面等效（SE）分析如下：近视SE≤-0.50 D，未矫正视力在20/25以下；高度近视SE≤-6.00 D；远视SE≥+1.00 D（≥7y）或SE≥+2.00 D (5-6y)；明显远视SE≥+3.00 D，散光定义为至少一只眼的圆柱形≥1.00 D（≥7y）或≥1.75 D （5-6y）。如果至少有一只眼睛是屈光不正，则根据发现的屈光不正对儿童进行分类。结果：1139名在校生中，男性占50.6%，年龄在5 ~ 9岁之间的占58.8%，已接受光学矫正的占12.1%。最常见的屈光不正是散光（31.1%），其次是近视（20.8%）和远视（13.1%）。屈光不正与性别无显著关系。结论：散光是哥伦比亚市区儿童最常见的屈光不正。随着年龄的增长，远视减少，近视增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of ophthalmology Medicine-Ophthalmology

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

7.10%

发文量

3141

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： · International Journal of Ophthalmology-IJO (English edition) is a global ophthalmological scientific publication and a peer-reviewed open access periodical (ISSN 2222-3959 print, ISSN 2227-4898 online). This journal is sponsored by Chinese Medical Association Xi’an Branch and obtains guidance and support from WHO and ICO (International Council of Ophthalmology). It has been indexed in SCIE, PubMed, PubMed-Central, Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, EMBASE , and DOAJ. IJO JCR IF in 2017 is 1.166. IJO was established in 2008, with editorial office in Xi’an, China. It is a monthly publication. General Scientific Advisors include Prof. Hugh Taylor (President of ICO); Prof.Bruce Spivey (Immediate Past President of ICO); Prof.Mark Tso (Ex-Vice President of ICO) and Prof.Daiming Fan (Academician and Vice President, Chinese Academy of Engineering. International Scientific Advisors include Prof. Serge Resnikoff (WHO Senior Speciatist for Prevention of blindness), Prof. Chi-Chao Chan (National Eye Institute, USA) and Prof. Richard L Abbott (Ex-President of AAO/PAAO) et al. Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Li-Xin Xie(Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering/Honorary President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society); Prof. Dennis Lam (President of APAO) and Prof. Xiao-Xin Li (Ex-President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society). Chief Editor: Prof. Xiu-Wen Hu (President of IJO Press). Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Yan-Nian Hui (Ex-Director, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA) and Prof. George Chiou (Founding chief editor of Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics). Associate Editors-in-Chief include: Prof. Ning-Li Wang (President Elect of APAO); Prof. Ke Yao (President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society) ; Prof.William Smiddy (Bascom Palmer Eye instituteUSA) ; Prof.Joel Schuman (President of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology,USA); Prof.Yizhi Liu (Vice President of Chinese Ophtlalmology Society); Prof.Yu-Sheng Wang (Director of Eye Institute of Chinese PLA); Prof.Ling-Yun Cheng (Director of Ocular Pharmacology, Shiley Eye Center, USA). IJO accepts contributions in English from all over the world. It includes mainly original articles and review articles, both basic and clinical papers. Instruction is Welcome Contribution is Welcome Citation is Welcome Cooperation organization International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO), PubMed, PMC, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Asia-Pacific, Thomson Reuters, The Charlesworth Group, Crossref,Scopus,Publons, DOAJ etc.

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