{"title":"Impact of foliar application of phyllosphere yeast strains combined with soil fertilizer application on rice growth and yield.","authors":"Gomathy Muthukrishanan, Jeyashri Munisamy, Sabarinathan Kuttalingam Gopalasubramaniam, Kizaharael Sevathapandian Subramanian, Rajakumar Dharmaraj, Dhruba Jyoti Nath, Pranab Dutta, Arun Kumar Devarajan","doi":"10.1186/s40793-024-00635-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of beneficial microbes in agriculture is gaining increasing attention as a means to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers. This approach can potentially mitigate negative impacts on soil, animal, and human health, as well as decrease climate-changing factors. Among these microbes, yeast has been the least explored, particularly within the phyllosphere compartment. This study addresses this knowledge gap by investigating the potential of phyllosphere yeast to improve rice yield while reducing fertilizer dosage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From fifty-two rice yeast phyllosphere isolates, we identified three yeast strains-Rhodotorula paludigena Y1, Pseudozyma sp. Y71, and Cryptococcus sp. Y72-that could thrive at 36 °C and possessed significant multifarious plant growth-promoting traits, enhancing rice root and shoot length upon seed inoculation. These three strains demonstrated favorable compatibility, leading to the creation of a yeast consortium. We assessed the combined effect of foliar application of this yeast consortium and individual strains with two distinct recommended doses of chemical fertilizers (RDCFs) (75 and 100%), as well as RDCFs alone (75 and 100%), in rice maintained in pot-culture and field experiments. The pot-culture experiment investigated the leaf microbial community, plant biochemicals, root and shoot length during the stem elongation, flowering, and dough phases, and yield-related parameters at harvest. The field experiment determined the actual yield. Integrated results from both experiments revealed that the yeast consortium with 75% RDCFs was more effective than the yeast consortium with 100% RDCFs, single strain applications with RDCFs (75 and 100%), and RDCFs alone (75 and 100%). Additionally, this treatment improved leaf metabolite levels compared to control rice plants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, a 25% reduction in soil chemical fertilizers combined with yeast consortium foliar application improved rice growth, biochemicals, and yield. This study also advances the field of phyllosphere yeast research in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":48553,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiome","volume":"19 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657868/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Microbiome","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-024-00635-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Background: The application of beneficial microbes in agriculture is gaining increasing attention as a means to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers. This approach can potentially mitigate negative impacts on soil, animal, and human health, as well as decrease climate-changing factors. Among these microbes, yeast has been the least explored, particularly within the phyllosphere compartment. This study addresses this knowledge gap by investigating the potential of phyllosphere yeast to improve rice yield while reducing fertilizer dosage.
Results: From fifty-two rice yeast phyllosphere isolates, we identified three yeast strains-Rhodotorula paludigena Y1, Pseudozyma sp. Y71, and Cryptococcus sp. Y72-that could thrive at 36 °C and possessed significant multifarious plant growth-promoting traits, enhancing rice root and shoot length upon seed inoculation. These three strains demonstrated favorable compatibility, leading to the creation of a yeast consortium. We assessed the combined effect of foliar application of this yeast consortium and individual strains with two distinct recommended doses of chemical fertilizers (RDCFs) (75 and 100%), as well as RDCFs alone (75 and 100%), in rice maintained in pot-culture and field experiments. The pot-culture experiment investigated the leaf microbial community, plant biochemicals, root and shoot length during the stem elongation, flowering, and dough phases, and yield-related parameters at harvest. The field experiment determined the actual yield. Integrated results from both experiments revealed that the yeast consortium with 75% RDCFs was more effective than the yeast consortium with 100% RDCFs, single strain applications with RDCFs (75 and 100%), and RDCFs alone (75 and 100%). Additionally, this treatment improved leaf metabolite levels compared to control rice plants.
Conclusions: Overall, a 25% reduction in soil chemical fertilizers combined with yeast consortium foliar application improved rice growth, biochemicals, and yield. This study also advances the field of phyllosphere yeast research in agriculture.
期刊介绍：
Microorganisms, omnipresent across Earth's diverse environments, play a crucial role in adapting to external changes, influencing Earth's systems and cycles, and contributing significantly to agricultural practices. Through applied microbiology, they offer solutions to various everyday needs. Environmental Microbiome recognizes the universal presence and significance of microorganisms, inviting submissions that explore the diverse facets of environmental and applied microbiological research.
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