Evaluation of city-scale PALM model simulations and intra-urban thermal variability in Vienna, Austria using operational and crowdsourced data

IF 6 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Urban Climate Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102245
Maja Žuvela-Aloise , Claudia Hahn , B. Hollósi
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Abstract

The PALM model system for urban applications is used to simulate the spatio-temporal thermal variability under heat wave conditions in Vienna, Austria. Model simulations covering the city area and its surroundings with a spatial resolution of 20 m are performed for four consecutive clear-sky hot days in August 2022. The results for hourly air temperature are evaluated with data from conventional weather stations of professional monitoring networks and quality-controlled data from private weather stations of the company NETATMO. The observations show high intra-urban variability during daytime and distinct spatial patterns at night with higher air temperatures in densely built city centre and lower temperatures in surrounding low-density urban region with prevailing green areas. The model shows lower variability than the observations, but similar large-scale spatial patterns. Direct comparison with observational data indicates a good model performance with a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.85), low bias (0.2 °C – 0.4 °C) and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.8 °C. Evaluation of intra-urban thermal variability based on classification per land use and land cover type shows a statistically significant air temperature difference between the built-up areas and high vegetation surfaces during the night of about 1 °C in the observation and about 2 °C simulated by the model.
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利用运营和众包数据评估奥地利维也纳城市尺度PALM模型模拟和城市内热变
利用城市应用的PALM模型系统对奥地利维也纳热浪条件下的时空热变进行了模拟。对2022年8月连续4天晴空高温进行了覆盖城市及其周边地区的空间分辨率为20 m的模型模拟。每小时气温的计算结果是用专业监测网的传统气象站数据和NETATMO公司的私人气象站的质量控制数据进行评估的。观测结果显示,白天城市内部变化较大,夜间空间格局明显,建筑密集的城市中心气温较高,周边低密度城市地区气温较低,绿化带占主导地位。模型显示的变率低于观测值,但大尺度空间格局相似。与观测资料的直接比较表明,模型性能良好,具有较高的决定系数(R2 >;0.85),低偏差(0.2°C - 0.4°C),均方根误差(RMSE)为1.8°C。基于每个土地利用和土地覆盖类型分类的城市内热变率评估显示,在观测值约为1°C和模型模拟值约为2°C的夜间,建成区和高植被面之间的气温差异具有统计学意义。
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来源期刊
Urban Climate
Urban Climate Social Sciences-Urban Studies
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
9.40%
发文量
286
期刊介绍: Urban Climate serves the scientific and decision making communities with the publication of research on theory, science and applications relevant to understanding urban climatic conditions and change in relation to their geography and to demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, technological and environmental dynamics and global change. Targeted towards both disciplinary and interdisciplinary audiences, this journal publishes original research papers, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and short communications on topics including, but not limited to, the following: Urban meteorology and climate[...] Urban environmental pollution[...] Adaptation to global change[...] Urban economic and social issues[...] Research Approaches[...]
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