Selective Up- and Down-Conversion Luminescence for Nonlinear Expansion of Unclonable Parameter Space

IF 8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Advanced Optical Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1002/adom.202401779
Dong Wook Kim, Jaehyuck Jang, Jung Woo Leem, Heechang Yun, Byoungsu Ko, Ik-Soo Kim, Hyeji Park, Young L. Kim, Junsuk Rho, Unyong Jeong
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Abstract

Optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) have attracted considerable attention as an immediately exploitable cryptographic primitive for high-level hardware security attributed to their potential for implementing a large parameter space through the incorporation of robust optical phenomena. However, previous optical PUFs primarily relied on linear and single-channel optical processes, requiring an increase in the number of optical inputs (materials or wavelengths) in a monotonous manner to scale up challenge-response pairs. Herein, an optical PUF capable of nonlinearly expanding the parameter space to enhance the cryptographic strength through the selective adjustment of up- and down-conversion luminescence is introduced. The nonlinearity in the expansion of the parameter space originates from a random distribution of three types of microspheres, with their shells designed to exhibit various positional arrangements of upconversion nanoparticles and perovskite crystals. Because energy and photon interactions depend on their positional proximity and excitation power, adjusting the two excitation inputs into five power steps enables the single PUF to generate 30 unique cryptographic keys, which is 15 times greater than what a linear system can offer. The PUF also demonstrates high stability, maintaining its cryptographic performance when exposed to heat, moisture, and long-term laser excitation, underscoring its practical applicability in security protocols.

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来源期刊
Advanced Optical Materials
Advanced Optical Materials MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-OPTICS
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
883
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: Advanced Optical Materials, part of the esteemed Advanced portfolio, is a unique materials science journal concentrating on all facets of light-matter interactions. For over a decade, it has been the preferred optical materials journal for significant discoveries in photonics, plasmonics, metamaterials, and more. The Advanced portfolio from Wiley is a collection of globally respected, high-impact journals that disseminate the best science from established and emerging researchers, aiding them in fulfilling their mission and amplifying the reach of their scientific discoveries.
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