Effects of a goal attainment theory-based intervention on physical activity, body composition, and motivation in emerging adults with physical inactivity: A randomized controlled trial

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2024.12.007

T. Xu , C.Y. Liu , Y.X. Tao , X.T. Cai , Y.Y. Wu , R. Chen , T. Xiao , M.Y. Liu

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an intervention based on the goal attainment theory to levels of physical activity, body composition, and motivational variables of emerging adults with physical inactivity.

Study design

A randomized, controlled trial.

Methods

A total of 157 emerging adults with physical inactivity were randomized into the control group (n = 77) or the intervention group (n = 80). The control group received routine health education for a period of 3 months, and the intervention group used a physical activity promotion intervention model based on King's attainment theory on the basis of the control group. The primary outcome was the body composition. Secondary outcomes were examined included levels of physical activity, motivation, and self-efficacy.

Results

The results indicate that the visceral fat area was significantly lower in the intervention group (Z = −6.79, P < 0.001), along with reductions in body fat mass (Z = −2.85, P < 0.05) and body fat percentage (F = −2.78, P < 0.05). The intervention group also demonstrated higher introjected motivation (Z = 2.70, P < 0.05) and self-efficacy (Z = 4.06, P < 0.001) than the control group. Physical activity levels were significantly higher in the intervention group, with increases observed in vigorous activity (Z = 60.51, P < 0.001), moderate activity (Z = 104.90, P < 0.001), walking activity (Z = 7.37, P < 0.001), and total physical activity (Z = 91.40, P < 0.001) compared to the control group.

Conclusions

Physical activity interventions based on King's Attainment Theory can improve body composition, increase physical activity levels, improve exercise self-efficacy, and promote maintenance of healthy behaviours in emerging adults.

Trial registration

This study was registered on ClinicalTrials (NCT05697679).

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基于目标实现理论的干预对缺乏运动的新生成人身体活动、身体成分和动机的影响：一项随机对照试验。

目的：本研究旨在评估基于目标实现理论的干预对缺乏身体活动的新生成人的身体活动水平、身体成分和动机变量的有效性。研究设计：随机对照试验。方法：157例缺乏身体活动的新生成人随机分为对照组（77例）和干预组（80例）。对照组接受为期3个月的常规健康教育，干预组在对照组的基础上采用基于King成就理论的身体活动促进干预模式。主要结果是身体成分。次要结果包括体力活动水平、动机和自我效能。结果：干预组内脏脂肪面积显著降低（Z = -6.79, P < 0.001），体脂量显著降低（Z = -2.85, P < 0.05），体脂率显著降低（F = -2.78, P < 0.05）。干预组的内省动机（Z = 2.70, P < 0.05）和自我效能感（Z = 4.06, P < 0.001）均高于对照组。干预组的体力活动水平显著高于对照组，剧烈活动（Z = 60.51, P < 0.001）、中度活动（Z = 104.90, P < 0.001）、步行活动（Z = 7.37, P < 0.001）和总体力活动（Z = 91.40, P < 0.001）均高于对照组。结论：基于King's成就理论的身体活动干预可以改善初出期成人的身体成分，提高身体活动水平，提高运动自我效能感，促进健康行为的维持。试验注册：本研究在ClinicalTrials上注册（NCT05697679）。

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来源期刊

Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Public Health is an international, multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health.