{"title":"Arrangement and Development of Spicules in the Coral-killing Sponge, <i>Terpios hoshinota</i>.","authors":"Yurika Hirose, Sen-Lin Tang, Hideyuki Yamashiro","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2024.63-26","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Terpios hoshinota</i> Rützler & Muzik, 1993 is a poriferan species that competes with corals and is known as a coral-killing sponge. However, limited information is available on its biology, including morphological traits. This study aims to examine the arrangement and development of spicules in various body parts of the sponge, including settled larvae. Spicules were found to appear on the second day after settlement and were present in all individuals on the fifth day. The spicules in the thread-like tissue of the growth portion were oriented in the direction of growth, with their pointed tips facing forward to support the elongated pioneer tissue. Furthermore, the spicules in the surface layer of the sponge tissue were perpendicular, with outward-facing tips associated with collagens. The study indicates that the spicules of <i>T. hoshinota</i> are arranged to support both encrusting basal tissue and pioneering tissue to colonize corals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"63 ","pages":"e26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659815/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Zoological Studies","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2024.63-26","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ZOOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Terpios hoshinota Rützler & Muzik, 1993 is a poriferan species that competes with corals and is known as a coral-killing sponge. However, limited information is available on its biology, including morphological traits. This study aims to examine the arrangement and development of spicules in various body parts of the sponge, including settled larvae. Spicules were found to appear on the second day after settlement and were present in all individuals on the fifth day. The spicules in the thread-like tissue of the growth portion were oriented in the direction of growth, with their pointed tips facing forward to support the elongated pioneer tissue. Furthermore, the spicules in the surface layer of the sponge tissue were perpendicular, with outward-facing tips associated with collagens. The study indicates that the spicules of T. hoshinota are arranged to support both encrusting basal tissue and pioneering tissue to colonize corals.
期刊介绍：
Zoological Studies publishes original research papers in five major fields: Animal Behavior, Comparative Physiology, Evolution, Ecology, and Systematics and Biogeography. Manuscripts are welcome from around the world and must be written in English. When the manuscript concerns the use of animals or specimens in research, a statement must be included to the effect that the author(s) has adhered to the legal requirements of the country in which the work was carried out or to any institutional guidelines.
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