Microplastic Pollution in Indian Aquatic Ecosystems: Insights and Implications

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07640-1

M. R. Resmi, Vaishnavi

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Abstract

Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a pressing environmental issue globally, prompting extensive research into its prevalence, distribution, and composition in diverse ecosystems. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of MP contamination in Indian lakes, rivers, and coastal environments, synthesizing recent investigations across the country. Significant MP abundance and distribution were observed in lakes, particularly in high-altitude and remote areas like Kashmir, Ladakh, and Himachal Pradesh. Notable findings include high MP concentrations in lakes such as Anchar Lake, Pangong Lake, and Tsomoriri Lake, with tourism, textile disposal, and industrial emissions identified as major pollution sources. Lonar Lake and Kanke Lake showed MP contamination in both surface water and sediments, highlighting the need for urgent mitigation measures. Studies on Indian rivers revealed diverse MP characteristics, with fragments, fibers, pellets, and foams being dominant. Chemical analysis identified common polymer components originating from industrial waste, plastic debris, and synthetic textiles. Seasonal and geographical factors influenced MP distribution in rivers, emphasizing plastic pollution's pervasive presence. Coastal regions of Southern India exhibited high concentrations of plastic debris, primarily fibres from synthetic textiles, with prevalent polymers derived from urban runoff, marine activities, and industrial discharges. The present study offers insightful information about the widespread and varied characteristics of MP contamination in Indian aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive mitigation strategies to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem health. Further research is necessary to understand MP sources, impacts, and distribution, informing evidence-based management strategies to reduce the potential risks concerning people’s health and the environment related to plastic contamination.

Graphical Abstract

Different environment of deposition along with microplastic

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印度水生生态系统中的微塑料污染：见解和影响

微塑料污染已成为全球紧迫的环境问题，促使人们对其在不同生态系统中的流行、分布和组成进行了广泛的研究。本研究对印度湖泊、河流和沿海环境中的MP污染进行了全面分析，综合了全国最近的调查结果。在湖泊中观察到显著的MP丰度和分布，特别是在克什米尔、拉达克和喜马偕尔邦等高海拔和偏远地区。值得注意的是，安恰尔湖、班贡湖和Tsomoriri湖等湖泊的MP浓度很高，旅游、纺织品处理和工业排放被确定为主要污染源。Lonar湖和Kanke湖在地表水和沉积物中都发现了多氯联苯污染，突出表明需要采取紧急缓解措施。对印度河流的研究揭示了不同的MP特征，以碎片、纤维、颗粒和泡沫为主。化学分析鉴定出来自工业废料、塑料碎片和合成纺织品的常见聚合物成分。季节和地理因素影响了MP在河流中的分布，强调了塑料污染的普遍存在。印度南部沿海地区出现了高浓度的塑料碎片，主要是来自合成纺织品的纤维，普遍的聚合物来自城市径流、海洋活动和工业排放。本研究提供了关于印度水生生态系统中MP污染的广泛和多样特征的深刻信息，强调迫切需要制定全面的缓解战略，以保护生物多样性和生态系统健康。有必要进一步研究以了解塑料污染的来源、影响和分布，为循证管理战略提供信息，以减少与塑料污染有关的人类健康和环境的潜在风险。不同的沉积环境伴随着微塑料

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.