Effects of 12-week power training on bone in mobility-limited older adults: randomised controlled trial

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Archives of Osteoporosis Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI:10.1007/s11657-024-01487-z

Valentina Muollo, Lars G. Hvid, Vikram V. Shanbhogue, Viktoria Steinhauser, Daniela Caporossi, Ivan Dimauro, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Cristina Fantini, Elisa Grazioli, Elsa S. Strotmeyer, Paolo Caserotti

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Abstract

Summary

This study examines how power training affects estimated bone strength, revealing that females benefit more than males, especially in the upper limbs (radius). These findings highlight the importance of designing sex-specific exercise programs to enhance bone health. Further research is needed to optimize training duration and address site-specific differences.

Purpose

This study aimed to compare the effects of 12-week of power training (PWT), an explosive form of strength training, on bone microarchitecture, estimated bone strength, and markers in mobility-limited (gait speed < 0.9 m/s) older adults.

Methods

Fifty-seven older adults (83 ± 5 years) were randomly assigned to either a training group (TRAIN, n = 28, 15 females, 13 males) performing high-intensity PWT or a control group (CTRL, n = 29, 22 females, 7 males) maintaining their usual lifestyle. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) assessed bone geometry, densities, microarchitecture (e.g. trabecular number (Tb.N) and thickness (Tb.Th)), and estimated bone strength (stiffness and failure load) at the tibia and radius. Blood markers for bone metabolism (PINP and CTX-1) and muscle strength (handgrip and leg press) were also measured.

Results

Baseline sex differences showed females having lower stiffness (− 37.5%) and failure load (− 38%) at the radius compared with males. After PWT, females in the TRAIN group exhibited declines in Tb.N (− 4.4%) and improvements in Tb.Th (+ 6.0%), stiffness (+ 2.7%), and failure load (+ 2.4%) at the radius (p < 0.05). A time x group interaction indicated increases in leg press strength for the whole TRAIN group (+ 23%), and within females (+ 29%) and males (+ 19%) (p < 0.001). Baseline handgrip strength correlated with stiffness (r = 0.577) and failure load (r = 0.612) at the radius (p < 0.001). Females in the TRAIN group showed a reduction in PINP (− 25%), while males showed an increase in CTX-1 (+ 18%).

Conclusion

A 12-week PWT may enhance estimated bone strength in mobility-limited older adults, especially at sites less accustomed to daily loading (i.e. radius).

Clinical trial registration

NCT02051725.

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12周力量训练对活动受限老年人骨骼的影响：随机对照试验

本研究考察了力量训练如何影响估计的骨强度，揭示了女性比男性受益更多，特别是在上肢（桡骨）。这些发现强调了设计针对不同性别的锻炼项目以增强骨骼健康的重要性。需要进一步的研究来优化培训时间和解决具体地点的差异。目的：本研究旨在比较12周力量训练（PWT）（一种爆发性力量训练形式）对骨微结构、估计骨强度和行动受限老年人（步态速度& 0.9 m/s）标志物的影响。方法将57名年龄为83±5岁的老年人随机分为高强度PWT训练组（TRAIN, n = 28，女性15，男性13）和对照组（CTRL, n = 29，女性22，男性7）。高分辨率外围定量计算机断层扫描（HR-pQCT）评估骨几何形状、密度、微结构（如小梁数（Tb.N）和厚度（Tb.Th）），并估计胫骨和桡骨的骨强度（刚度和破坏载荷）。还测量了骨代谢（PINP和CTX-1）和肌肉力量（握力和腿压）的血液标志物。结果基线性别差异显示，与男性相比，女性在桡骨处的刚度（- 37.5%）和破坏负荷（- 38%）较低。PWT后，TRAIN组的女性结核发病率下降。N（- 4.4%）和结核的改善。Th(+ 6.0%),刚度(+ 2.7%)和破坏载荷(+ 2.4%)半径(p & lt; 0.05)。时间x组相互作用表明，整个TRAIN组（+ 23%）以及女性（+ 29%）和男性（+ 19%）的腿压力量增加（p < 0.001）。基线握力与半径处的刚度（r = 0.577）和失效载荷（r = 0.612）相关（p < 0.001）。女性在TRAIN组显示PINP减少（- 25%），而男性显示CTX-1增加（+ 18%）。结论：12周PWT可提高行动受限老年人的预估骨强度，特别是在不习惯日常负荷的部位（如桡骨）。临床试验注册号nct02051725。

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来源期刊

Archives of Osteoporosis ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISMORTHOPEDICS -ORTHOPEDICS

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

10.00%

发文量

133

期刊介绍： Archives of Osteoporosis is an international multidisciplinary journal which is a joint initiative of the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. The journal will highlight the specificities of different regions around the world concerning epidemiology, reference values for bone density and bone metabolism, as well as clinical aspects of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.