A quality assessment of YouTube content on posterior urethral valve.

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a congenital condition marked by obstructing persistent urogenital membrane, leading to urinary tract infections, bladder dysfunction, and kidney damage. It affects males only, mostly suspected antenatally and confirmed in early infancy. It requires early diagnosis and intervention to prevent long-term complications. Effective communication of follow-up and treatment protocols with families is crucial, as informed patients play an active role in decision-making and experience less anxiety.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on June 20, 2024, by searching YouTube with the keyword "posterior urethral valve." From the first 120 videos, 60 were excluded for being off-topic, duplicates, non-English, or lacking audio. The remaining 60 videos were analyzed for views, duration, comments, likes, and upload source. Video content was categorized into general information, ultrasound imaging, case discussion, and surgical teaching. Two independent urology specialists evaluated the video quality using DISCERN and JAMA Benchmark Criteria.

Results: Of the 60 analyzed videos, 71.6 % were uploaded by physicians. The most common content was general information on symptoms and treatment. The mean JAMA score was 2.45, and the mean DISCERN score was 45.8. According to DISCERN, 8.3 % of videos were "very poor," 25 % were "poor," 30 % were "fair," 11.6 % were "good," and 23 % were "excellent." Videos uploaded by physicians had significantly higher DISCERN reliability and total scores, indicating better quality. No significant correlation was found between DISCERN scores and likes, comments, or views, but video duration was positively correlated with higher scores.

Discussion: Among the analyzed videos, those uploaded by physicians had significantly higher DISCERN total scores, emphasizing their superior quality compared to other sources. Video duration positively correlated with DISCERN and JAMA scores, while metrics such as likes, comments, and views did not reflect content quality.

Conclusion: Creating evidence-based, clear, and engaging content that follows DISCERN and JAMA criteria is essential. Future studies should explore animated formats, diverse keywords, and track content trends over time.