Olfactory Identification as a Biomarker for Cognitive Impairment: Insights from Healthy Aging, Subjective Cognitive Decline, and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

IF 3 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI:10.3390/ejihpe14120196

Jaime Bouhaben, Alice Helena Delgado-Lima, María Luisa Delgado-Losada

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Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between olfactory identification (OI) and cognitive impairment by examining OI abilities across various stages of cognitive deterioration. Methods: A total of 264 participants were divided into three groups based on cognitive status: cognitively healthy, subjective cognitive, and mild cognitive impairment. All participants were assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks Olfactory Identification test and a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. Results: Our results highlight the main effects of age and cognitive status on OI scores. Regarding cognitive abilities, OI is associated with measures of short-term memory, long-term, working memory, and selective attention. Finally, logistic regression models showed that OI is a significant predictor for discriminating SCD from CH, MCI from CH, and MCI from SCD. Discussion: These findings suggest the addition of olfactory identification measures in neuropsychological assessments could improve the early detection of individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.

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嗅觉识别作为认知障碍的生物标志物：来自健康老龄化、主观认知衰退和轻度认知障碍的见解。

本研究旨在通过考察不同认知衰退阶段的嗅觉识别能力，探讨嗅觉识别（OI）与认知障碍之间的关系。方法：将264名受试者根据认知状态分为认知健康组、主观认知组和轻度认知障碍组。所有参与者都使用嗅探棒嗅觉识别测试和综合神经心理学测试进行评估。结果：我们的研究结果强调了年龄和认知状况对成骨不全评分的主要影响。关于认知能力，成骨不全与短期记忆、长期记忆、工作记忆和选择性注意有关。最后，逻辑回归模型显示，OI是区分SCD与CH、MCI与CH、MCI与SCD的重要预测因子。讨论：这些发现表明，在神经心理学评估中增加嗅觉识别措施可以提高对有认知障碍风险个体的早期发现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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