Inteligencia artificial para el abordaje integral de las enfermedades huérfanas/raras: revisión sistemática exploratoria

IF 0.9 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2024.102434

L.M. Acero Ruge , D.A. Vásquez Lesmes , E.H. Hernández Rincón , L.P. Avella Pérez

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Abstract

Introduction

Orphan diseases (OD) are rare but collectively common, presenting challenges such as late diagnoses, disease progression, and limited therapeutic options. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has gained interest in the research of these diseases.

Objective

To synthesize the available evidence on the use of AI in the comprehensive approach to orphan diseases.

Methods

An exploratory systematic review of the Scoping Review type was conducted in PubMed, Bireme, and Scopus from 2019 to 2024.

Results

fifty-six articles were identified, with 21.4% being experimental studies; 28 documents did not specify an OD, 8 documents focused primarily on genetic diseases; 53.57% focused on diagnosis, and 36 different algorithms were identified.

Conclusions

The information found shows the development of AI algorithms in different clinical settings, confirming the potential benefits in diagnosis times, therapeutic options, and greater awareness among health professionals.

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[人工智能用于孤儿/罕见病的综合方法：范围审查]。

孤儿病（Orphan disease， OD）是一种罕见但普遍的疾病，存在诊断晚、疾病进展和治疗选择有限等挑战。近年来，人工智能（AI）对这些疾病的研究产生了兴趣。目的：综合人工智能在孤儿病综合治疗中的应用。方法：对2019 - 2024年PubMed、Bireme和Scopus进行Scoping review类型的探索性系统评价。结果：共纳入56篇文献，其中实验研究占21.4%；28份文件没有指定OD， 8份文件主要侧重于遗传病；53.57%的人关注于诊断，共有36种不同的算法。结论：发现的信息显示了人工智能算法在不同临床环境中的发展，证实了在诊断时间、治疗选择和卫生专业人员意识提高方面的潜在益处。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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