Analysis of the Effectiveness and Coverage of Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs in Kazakhstan for the Period 2021-2023: Regional Disparities and Coverage Dynamics.

Q2 Medicine Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.12.4371

Alfiya Shamsutdinova, Gulnara Kulkayeva, Zhadyra Karashutova, Baimakhan Tanabayev, Shynar Tanabayeva, Anel Ibrayeva, Ildar Fakhradiyev

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Abstract

Background: Cancer screening is a crucial component in the fight to reduce cancer incidence and mortality. Currently, the WHO recommends highly effective cancer screening programs, including screening for cervical cancer (CC), breast cancer (BC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite the implementation of a cancer screening program since 2014, an evaluation of the effectiveness of BC, CC, and CRC screening in the Kazakhstan has not yet been conducted. Study aimed to assess the effectiveness and coverage of BC, CC, and CRC screening in the Republic of Kazakhstan during the period from 2021 to 2023.

Methods: Data for the retrospective analysis were extracted from the "Healthcare Statistics" database. Data on participants eligible for screening (n=8,167,184) for BC, CC, and CRC were included in the analysis.

Results: In 2023, there was a noticeable decrease in the number of detected cases of CC (1.7) compared to previous years. The detection rates for BC (14) and CRC (around 1) per 100,000 population in 2023 remained almost at the same level as in previous years. The detection rate for BC was 0.74% in 2021, followed by a decline to 0.59% in 2022. In 2023, there was an increase to 1.69%. As for CC, the detection rate was 0.70% in 2021, it increased to 0.77% in 2022, but then decreased again to 0.53% in 2023. CRC shows a steady decline in detection rates. In 2021, the detection rate was 4.23%, then it dropped to 3.64% in 2022, and continued to decrease to 3.28% in 2023.

Conclusions: The data for 2021-2023 underscore the necessity for continuous monitoring, analysis, and adaptation of screening strategies, taking into account regional peculiarities and new challenges, such as the pandemic. Ensuring high screening coverage for BC, CC, and CRC is a key factor for the early detection and effective treatment of these diseases.

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哈萨克斯坦2021-2023年期间乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌筛查项目的有效性和覆盖率分析：地区差异和覆盖率动态。

背景：癌症筛查是减少癌症发病率和死亡率的重要组成部分。目前，世界卫生组织推荐高效的癌症筛查项目，包括宫颈癌（CC）、乳腺癌（BC）和结直肠癌（CRC）的筛查。尽管自2014年以来实施了一项癌症筛查计划，但尚未对哈萨克斯坦的BC， CC和CRC筛查的有效性进行评估。该研究旨在评估2021年至2023年期间哈萨克斯坦共和国BC、CC和CRC筛查的有效性和覆盖率。方法：回顾性分析资料取自“卫生统计”数据库。有资格筛查BC、CC和CRC的参与者（n=8,167,184）的数据被纳入分析。结果：与往年相比，2023年发现的CC病例数明显减少（1.7例）。2023年，每10万人中BC（14例）和CRC（约1例）的检出率几乎与往年持平。2021年BC的检出率为0.74%，随后在2022年下降至0.59%。到2023年，这一比例上升至1.69%。CC的检出率在2021年为0.70%，2022年上升到0.77%，2023年再次下降到0.53%。CRC的检出率呈稳步下降趋势。2021年检出率为4.23%，2022年降至3.64%，2023年继续下降至3.28%。结论：2021-2023年的数据强调了持续监测、分析和调整筛查策略的必要性，同时考虑到地区特点和新挑战，如大流行。确保BC、CC和CRC的高筛查覆盖率是早期发现和有效治疗这些疾病的关键因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

779

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cancer is a very complex disease. While many aspects of carcinoge-nesis and oncogenesis are known, cancer control and prevention at the community level is however still in its infancy. Much more work needs to be done and many more steps need to be taken before effective strategies are developed. The multidisciplinary approaches and efforts to understand and control cancer in an effective and efficient manner, require highly trained scientists in all branches of the cancer sciences, from cellular and molecular aspects to patient care and palliation. The Asia Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention (APOCP) and its official publication, the Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (APJCP), have served the community of cancer scientists very well and intends to continue to serve in this capacity to the best of its abilities. One of the objectives of the APOCP is to provide all relevant and current scientific information on the whole spectrum of cancer sciences. They aim to do this by providing a forum for communication and propagation of original and innovative research findings that have relevance to understanding the etiology, progression, treatment, and survival of patients, through their journal. The APJCP with its distinguished, diverse, and Asia-wide team of editors, reviewers, and readers, ensure the highest standards of research communication within the cancer sciences community across Asia as well as globally. The APJCP publishes original research results under the following categories: -Epidemiology, detection and screening. -Cellular research and bio-markers. -Identification of bio-targets and agents with novel mechanisms of action. -Optimal clinical use of existing anti-cancer agents, including combination therapies. -Radiation and surgery. -Palliative care. -Patient adherence, quality of life, satisfaction. -Health economic evaluations.