A Multi-Area Architecture for Real-Time Feedback-Based Optimization of Distribution Grids

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1109/TSG.2024.3524622

Ilyas Farhat;Etinosa Ekomwenrenren;John W. Simpson-Porco;Evangelos Farantatos;Mahendra Patel;Aboutaleb Haddadi

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Abstract

A challenge in transmission-distribution coordination is how to quickly and reliably coordinate Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) across large multi-stakeholder Distribution Networks (DNs) to support the Transmission Network (TN), while ensuring operational constraints continue to be met within the DN. Here we propose a hierarchical feedback-based control architecture for coordination of DERs in DNs, enabling the DN to quickly respond to power set-point requests from the Transmission System Operator (TSO) while maintaining local DN constraints. Our scheme allows for multiple independently-managed areas within the DN to optimize their local resources while coordinating to support the TN, and while maintaining data privacy; the only required inter-area communication is between physically adjacent areas within the DN control hierarchy. We conduct a rigorous stability analysis, establishing intuitive conditions for closed-loop stability, and provide detailed tuning recommendations. The proposal is validated via case studies on multiple feeders, including IEEE-123 and IEEE-8500, using a custom MATLAB®-based application which integrates with OpenDSS©. The simulation results show that the proposed structure is highly scalable and can quickly coordinate DERs in response to TSO commands, while responding to local disturbances within the DN and maintaining DN operational limits.

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基于实时反馈的配电网优化多区域体系结构

输配电协调面临的一个挑战是如何快速、可靠地协调大型多利益相关者配电网络（DN）中的分布式能源（DERs）以支持输电网（TN），同时确保在DN内继续满足运行约束。本文提出了一种基于分层反馈的控制体系结构，用于协调DNs中的der，使DN能够在保持本地DN约束的同时快速响应传输系统运营商（TSO）的功率设定点请求。我们的方案允许DN内的多个独立管理区域优化其本地资源，同时协调支持TN，同时保持数据隐私；唯一需要的区域间通信是在DN控制层次结构中物理相邻的区域之间。我们进行严格的稳定性分析，建立直观的闭环稳定性条件，并提供详细的调优建议。该提案通过多个馈线的案例研究进行了验证，包括IEEE-123和IEEE-8500，使用基于自定义MATLAB®的应用程序集成了OpenDSS©。仿真结果表明，该结构具有较高的可扩展性，能够在响应TSO命令时快速协调der，同时能够响应DN内的局部干扰并保持DN的运行限制。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC-

CiteScore

22.10

自引率

9.40%

发文量

526

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid is a multidisciplinary journal that focuses on research and development in the field of smart grid technology. It covers various aspects of the smart grid, including energy networks, prosumers (consumers who also produce energy), electric transportation, distributed energy resources, and communications. The journal also addresses the integration of microgrids and active distribution networks with transmission systems. It publishes original research on smart grid theories and principles, including technologies and systems for demand response, Advance Metering Infrastructure, cyber-physical systems, multi-energy systems, transactive energy, data analytics, and electric vehicle integration. Additionally, the journal considers surveys of existing work on the smart grid that propose new perspectives on the history and future of intelligent and active grids.