Visual deprivation and axial myopia: Considerations on long-term ocular development.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY European Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-02 DOI:10.1177/11206721241310624
Michele Rinaldi, Paolo Esposito Veneruso, Fausto Tranfa, Gaetano Fioretto, Salvatore Troisi, Maria Laura Passaro, Francesco Matarazzo, Ciro Costagliola
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Abstract

Introduction: Severe visual deprivation during infancy can lead to long-term changes in ocular development, including significant differences in axial length (AL) between eyes. This case report presents three adult patients with monocular infantile visual deprivation who developed substantial AL interocular differences. The aim is to explore the impact of early visual deprivation on AL and its potential implications for myopia progression.

Case report: Three male patients, aged 19, 42, and 50, were evaluated at the Ophthalmology Department of the University Hospital of Naples "Federico II." Each patient had a history of severe visual deprivation in one eye during infancy. The first patient experienced a dense corneal fibrovascular membrane from a chemical burn at age 1. The second suffered total corneal stromal scarring from a chemical burn at age 2. The third developed dense leukoma following infective keratitis at 0.3 years. Ophthalmological evaluations included refractive assessment, biomicroscopy, fundus examination (where feasible), electroretinogram (ERG), and A-Scan ultrasound. Affected eyes exhibited severe visual impairment (light perception in two patients, and 1.6 logMAR in the third), while the fundus could not be fully explored, and echographic assessment was used to exclude major chorioretinal changes. ERG findings were within normal limits, despite presumed early developmental impact on the retina due to lack of form vision. However, AL measurements revealed a 5.8-6.3 mm increase in the affected eyes compared to the healthy ones.

Conclusion: Infantile severe visual deprivation can lead to significant interocular AL differences in adulthood. These findings underscore the importance of investigating the underlying mechanisms to better understand and manage myopia progression in similar cases.

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视力剥夺与轴型近视:对长期眼发育的思考。
婴儿期严重的视觉剥夺可导致眼发育的长期变化,包括眼间轴长(AL)的显著差异。本病例报告介绍了三名患有单眼婴儿视力剥夺的成人患者,他们发展了大量的AL眼间差异。目的是探讨早期视觉剥夺对AL的影响及其对近视进展的潜在影响。病例报告:三名男性患者,年龄分别为19岁、42岁和50岁,在那不勒斯大学医院“Federico II”眼科进行评估。每位患者在婴儿期均有单眼严重视力剥夺史。第一位患者在1岁时因化学烧伤形成致密的角膜纤维血管膜。第二名患者在2岁时因化学烧伤而形成全角膜基质瘢痕。第三例患者在0.3年感染性角膜炎后发生致密性白血病。眼科检查包括屈光评估、生物显微镜检查、眼底检查(如可行)、视网膜电图(ERG)和a超扫描。受影响的眼睛表现出严重的视力障碍(2例患者光感知,3例患者1.6 logMAR),而眼底无法完全探查,超声评估用于排除主要的绒毛膜视网膜改变。ERG结果在正常范围内,尽管假定由于缺乏视觉对视网膜的早期发育有影响。然而,AL测量显示,与健康的眼睛相比,受影响的眼睛增加了5.8-6.3毫米。结论:婴儿严重的视觉剥夺可导致成年期眼间AL的显著差异。这些发现强调了研究潜在机制以更好地理解和管理类似病例的近视进展的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
372
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Ophthalmology was founded in 1991 and is issued in print bi-monthly. It publishes only peer-reviewed original research reporting clinical observations and laboratory investigations with clinical relevance focusing on new diagnostic and surgical techniques, instrument and therapy updates, results of clinical trials and research findings.
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