Application of the Sm1-7-qPCR system for identifying S. mansoni DNA in experimentally infected mice

Abstract

Schistosomiasis presents a significant public health challenge, especially in regions with inadequate sanitation. Current diagnostic methods, including the Kato-Katz technique, often lack sensitivity in detecting low parasite loads, prompting the search for more precise alternatives. This study introduces the Sm1–7-qPCR system as a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for identifying S. mansoni infections. The 15 female Swiss Webster mice were infected with S. mansoni cercariae, and the data were compared with those of the nested PCR assay and Kato-Katz technique.

The analytical sensitivity of the Sm1–7-qPCR system was tested using genomic DNA extracted from S. mansoni worms, which demonstrated excellent detection capability. For the analytical specificity, different parasites did not show amplification. The Sm1–7-qPCR system detected S. mansoni genomic DNA in 86.7 % of the stool samples from infected mice, surpassing the Kato-Katz method. The system showed high sensitivity and specificity, accurately quantifying parasite load in infected samples, showing promise in identifying patients with low parasite loads, and contributing to disease control efforts. In conclusion, the Sm1–7-qPCR system exhibited outstanding performance as a diagnostic tool for S. mansoni, surpassing traditional methods for detecting and quantifying parasite load. Further validation studies in low endemicity areas are recommended to enhance its integration into control and management strategies for S. mansoni infections.