{"title":"Differential cyclic loading sequences induced discrepancies in mechanical responses of slate: phenomena and interpretations","authors":"Zhengyang Song, Zhen Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-12083-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article designed two differential cyclic loading (DCL) modes, each considering the combinations of five groups of different loading and unloading rates. Namely, Mode a: transition from fast-loading-slow-unloading to slow-loading-fast-unloading. Mode b: transition from slow-loading-fast-unloading to fast-loading-slow-unloading. The rock samples tested are slate with five different bedding angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°). The testing results indicate that the two DCL modes with opposite loading sequences can yield different characteristics of energy dissipation. The Mode a which varies fast-loading-slow-unloading to slow-loading-fast-unloading exhibits a sharper decline in normalized dissipated energy and simultaneously holds a smaller residual axial strain rate when compared with Mode b. The impact of loading/unloading rates on magnitudes of phase shift is independent of the applied DCL sequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Earth Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12665-024-12083-2","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This article designed two differential cyclic loading (DCL) modes, each considering the combinations of five groups of different loading and unloading rates. Namely, Mode a: transition from fast-loading-slow-unloading to slow-loading-fast-unloading. Mode b: transition from slow-loading-fast-unloading to fast-loading-slow-unloading. The rock samples tested are slate with five different bedding angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°). The testing results indicate that the two DCL modes with opposite loading sequences can yield different characteristics of energy dissipation. The Mode a which varies fast-loading-slow-unloading to slow-loading-fast-unloading exhibits a sharper decline in normalized dissipated energy and simultaneously holds a smaller residual axial strain rate when compared with Mode b. The impact of loading/unloading rates on magnitudes of phase shift is independent of the applied DCL sequences.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Earth Sciences is an international multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of interaction between humans, natural resources, ecosystems, special climates or unique geographic zones, and the earth:
Water and soil contamination caused by waste management and disposal practices
Environmental problems associated with transportation by land, air, or water
Geological processes that may impact biosystems or humans
Man-made or naturally occurring geological or hydrological hazards
Environmental problems associated with the recovery of materials from the earth
Environmental problems caused by extraction of minerals, coal, and ores, as well as oil and gas, water and alternative energy sources
Environmental impacts of exploration and recultivation – Environmental impacts of hazardous materials
Management of environmental data and information in data banks and information systems
Dissemination of knowledge on techniques, methods, approaches and experiences to improve and remediate the environment
In pursuit of these topics, the geoscientific disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. Major disciplines include: hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geochemistry, geophysics, engineering geology, remediation science, natural resources management, environmental climatology and biota, environmental geography, soil science and geomicrobiology.
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