Occurrence and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in Water Buffaloes (Bubalis bubalis) From Türkiye

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI:10.1007/s11686-024-00975-z

Omer Faruk Sahin, Ufuk Erol, Osman Furkan Urhan, Husnu Furkan Sakar, Kursat Altay

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Abstract

Purpose

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are zoonotic protozoan parasites that are widely seen in domestic and wild animals worldwide. While these pathogens, which affect the digestive system of the hosts, cause high economic losses in animal breeding, they are also considered an important public health problem. In recent years, molecular-based studies revealed that 120 genotypes belonging to 44 Cryptosporidium species and eight G. duodenalis assemblages (G. duodenalis A–H) circulate among hosts. The aim of the study was to determine the presence and prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiosis in buffaloes, for which there was only one previous study on the subject in Türkiye.

Methods

In this study, Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis were researched in water buffaloes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. A total of 510 water buffalo stool samples were obtained from Sivas province, an important water buffalo breeding center in Türkiye.

Results

Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 20 samples (3.92%), whereas five samples (0.98%) were found to be infected with G. duodenalis. DNA sequence analyses of 18S rRNA and β-giardin genes revealed that five Cryptosporidium species, C. occultus (n = 1), C. andersoni (n = 1), C. ryanae (n = 16), C. parvum (n = 1), and C. bovis (n = 1), and G. duodenalis assemblages E were circulated in water buffaloes in Türkiye, respectively. In this work, C. ryanae was the most prevalent Cryptosporidium species, and DNA sequence analyses of these samples showed that 100% nucleotide identities were present between them. Cryptosporidium occultus (PP754270), C. andersoni (PP754271), C. ryanae (PP754272–PP754279, PP754281–PP754285, PP754287–PP754289), C. parvum (PP754280), and C. bovis (PP754286) obtained from water buffaloes in this study shared 98.59–100%, 99.88–100%, 99.49–100%, 99.62–100%, and 99.87–100% nucleotide similarity with isolates present in GeneBank, respectively. In addition, G. duodenalis (PP798352–PP798356) isolates had 99.56–100% (β-giardin) nucleotide identities with G. duodenalis isolates.

Conclusion

The existence of cryptosporidiosis (the five species) in water buffaloes was reported for the first time in the country. Moreover, one species (C. occultus) has been reported for the first time in Türkiye.

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基耶河水牛隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第虫的发生及分子特征

目的隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是广泛存在于国内外野生动物体内的人畜共患原虫寄生虫。这些病原体会影响宿主的消化系统，给动物养殖造成巨大的经济损失，同时也被认为是一个重要的公共卫生问题。近年来，基于分子的研究发现，共有44种隐孢子虫的120个基因型和8个十二指肠隐孢子虫组合（G. duodenalis A-H）在宿主中传播。该研究的目的是确定隐孢子虫病和贾第虫病在水牛中的存在和流行情况，此前只有一项关于该主题的研究在泰国进行。方法采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）和DNA测序技术对水牛隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫进行检测。在斯里兰卡重要的水牛繁育中心锡瓦斯省共采集了510份水牛粪便样本。结果20份标本检出隐孢子虫（3.92%），5份标本检出十二指肠棘球蚴（0.98%）。对18S rRNA和β-贾丁素基因的DNA序列分析表明，隐孢子虫（C. occultus, n = 1）、安德氏隐孢子虫（C. andersoni, n = 1）、瑞安隐孢子虫（C. ryanae, n = 16）、细小隐孢子虫（C. parvum, n = 1）、牛隐孢子虫（C. bovis, n = 1）和十二指肠隐孢子虫（G. duodenalis, n = 1） 5种隐孢子虫分别在中国水牛体内循环。在本研究中，C. ryanae是最常见的隐孢子虫种，DNA序列分析表明它们之间核苷酸同源性100%。本研究从水牛中分离得到的隐孢子虫（PP754270）、安德氏隐孢子虫（PP754271）、ryanae隐孢子虫（PP754272-PP754279、PP754281-PP754285、PP754287-PP754289）、小隐孢子虫（PP754280）和牛隐孢子虫（PP754286）与GeneBank中已有的分离株核苷酸相似性分别为98.59-100%、99.88-100%、99.49-100%、99.62-100%和99.87-100%。此外，分离菌株pp798352 ~ pp798356与分离菌株的β-栀子苷核苷酸同源性为99.56 ~ 100%。结论国内首次报道水牛隐孢子虫病（5种）的存在。其中1种（C. occultus）在台湾首次报道。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.