Epigenetic Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma.

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Current Oncology Reports Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1007/s11912-024-01623-5

Nikita Mehra, Subhiksha Sundaram, Parth Shah, Arunagiri Kuha Deva Magendhra Rao

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Abstract

Purpose of the review: This review aims to explore the pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as epigenetic regulators in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Additionally, we have portrayed the dual role of lncRNAs in the epigenetic landscape of MM pathobiology.

Recent findings: In MM, lncRNAs are pivotal for proliferation, progression, and drug resistance by acting as miRNA sponges, regulating mRNA activity through microRNA recognition elements (MREs). Epigenetic modifications in lncRNAs influence gene expression, with some like MEG3, GAS5, CRNDE, and H19 showing promoter hypermethylation, while MALAT1 exhibits hypomethylation. Targeting lncRNAs using siRNA, ASO, CRISPR-Cas9, or small molecule inhibitors shows promise in preclinical studies, alongside the potential benefits of epigenetic-based therapies such as DNMTi and HDACi. Clinical trials combining epigenetic modifiers with standard chemotherapy show encouraging results, especially in relapsed/refractory MM. The key finding of the studies highlighted in the review paves the way for understanding the epigenetic role of lncRNAs in MM disease progression and biology. In addition, the novel therapeutic strategies that have shown promising results have been highlighted. The adoption of the epigenetic landscape into therapeutics in addition to existing treatment strategies may increase the efficacy of treatment approaches.

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长链非编码rna在多发性骨髓瘤中的表观遗传作用。

综述目的：本综述旨在探讨长链非编码rna （lncRNAs）作为表观遗传调控因子在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）发病机制中的关键作用。此外，我们已经描绘了lncrna在MM病理生物学的表观遗传景观中的双重作用。最近的研究发现：在MM中，lncrna作为miRNA海绵，通过microRNA识别元件（MREs）调节mRNA活性，对增殖、进展和耐药至关重要。lncrna中的表观遗传修饰影响基因表达，如MEG3、GAS5、CRNDE和H19等显示启动子超甲基化，而MALAT1显示低甲基化。使用siRNA、ASO、CRISPR-Cas9或小分子抑制剂靶向lncRNAs在临床前研究中显示出前景，以及基于表观遗传学的治疗方法（如DNMTi和HDACi）的潜在益处。结合表观遗传修饰剂与标准化疗的临床试验显示出令人鼓舞的结果，特别是在复发/难治性MM中。综述中强调的研究的关键发现为理解lncrna在MM疾病进展和生物学中的表观遗传作用铺平了道路。此外，新的治疗策略已经显示出有希望的结果已被强调。除了现有的治疗策略外，将表观遗传景观纳入治疗方法可能会提高治疗方法的疗效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Oncology Reports ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

187

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.