Harmonizing Cognitive and Psychosocial Needs in Cognitive Training: Lessons Learned from Piano Training in Persons Living with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Abstract

Objectives: This qualitative study explored the potential of piano training as a holistic intervention to enhance both cognitive and emotional well-being. The study aims to detail the experiences of older adults living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a piano training program and recommend strategies to boost engagement.

Methods: Fourteen individuals (seven older adults with MCI and their family members) participated in individual semi-structured interviews before and after a 12-week group-based piano training program. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, open-coded, and analyzed by conventional content analysis.

Results: Participants with MCI reported improvements in mood, cognitive function, and social interaction. The learning process elicited mixed emotions, with both enjoyment and frustration occurring during the learning phases. Skill mastery and positive social interactions were crucial for sustained engagement throughout the program, although group settings sometimes led to negative self-comparisons.

Conclusions: Findings highlighted the need to address both cognitive and emotional needs in interventions for MCI. Neglecting these aspects can exacerbate feelings of low self-esteem and other negative emotions.

Clinical implications: Recommendations for cognitive training programs include positive reinforcement, personalized support, mental preparation for challenges, and rapport building to enhance participant motivation and adherence.