A Retrospective Comparison of Aeroallergen Sensitization Among Different Allergic Diseases in Guangzhou, China.

Abstract

Objective: Numerous studies have reported on the types of aeroallergen sensitization in various pediatric allergic diseases, but limited data compared the types of aeroallergen sensitization across different pediatric allergic diseases. The aim of this study is to explore the nature and significance of aeroallergen sensitization in diverse pediatric allergic conditions. Methods: A comparative analysis was carried out on aeroallergen sensitization in children suffering from allergic diseases who visited the Otolaryngology, Respiratory, and Dermatology Departments between January 2019 and December 2023. The evaluation of the specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) response to various inhalant allergens was done using the ImmunoCAP 100 system. Results: Mites remain the main aeroallergen for skin and respiratory allergic diseases, especially respiratory diseases. Dog dander, grass pollen, and mold are more common in skin allergic diseases. The differences in dog dander and grass pollen among the three groups are more pronounced in children aged 1-6, while the differences in fungi are more pronounced in children aged 7 years and above. Seasonal changes have a greater impact on the sensitization rates of cockroaches, grass pollen, and molds. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the distribution and differences of allergen types among common pediatric allergic diseases, providing a theoretical basis for preventing the development of different allergic diseases and avoiding aeroallergens.