Robotic Rectus Abdominis Myoperitoneal Flap for Posterior Vaginal Wall Reconstruction: Experience at a Single Institution.

Abstract

Background: The adoption of robotic surgery has been widespread and increasing amongst gynecologic surgeons given the ability to decrease morbidity. It is important that plastic surgeons adjust their reconstructive algorithm to ascertain the benefits of robotic-assisted surgery. Herein we report our outcomes of robotic-assisted rectus abdominis muscle reconstruction of the posterior vaginal wall along with a current literature review on robotic-assisted reconstructive pelvic surgery. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was completed of all patients who underwent robotic pelvic reconstruction between 2016 and 2024 at a single institution. Patients who underwent posterior vaginal wall reconstruction utilizing a robotic-assisted rectus abdominis muscle (RRAM) were selected for final analysis. Results: Thirty-two patients were identified who underwent pelvic reconstruction using robotic surgical techniques. Five (mean age = 56.2, 32-72; mean BMI = 30.0, 24-39.9) underwent posterior vaginal wall reconstruction with an RRAM flap. Two patients (40%) had minor wound complications, and one patient (20%) had vaginal stenosis eight years after operation. None had major complications requiring a return to the OR or hospital admission. All patients went on to achieve successful healing. Conclusions: In the literature, robotic-assisted surgery has shown significant advantages, including reduced morbidity with decreased intra-operative blood loss, reduced pain, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stays. The RRAM flap for pelvic reconstruction is well tolerated in patients despite comorbidities and preserves the minimally invasive benefits of extirpative surgery. As the technology becomes more widely incorporated, it is important for plastic surgeons to integrate robotic surgical techniques into their practice.