An update on the treatment and management of cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis.

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI:10.1080/14737175.2025.2450788

Ermelinda De Meo, Emilio Portaccio, Raffaello Bonacchi, Jasmine Giovannoli, Claudia Niccolai, Maria Pia Amato

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Abstract

Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) occurs in 34-70% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, significantly impacting quality of life. CI can occur independently of physical disability, even in those with 'benign MS.' Cognitive deficits are heterogeneous, but common areas affected include processing speed, memory, and executive functions.

Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, using keywords like 'MS,' 'cognition,' and 'cognitive rehabilitation.' We focused on clinical assessment tools, emerging cognitive phenotypes, and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, including disease-modifying therapies and cognitive rehabilitation techniques.

Expert opinion: Current evidence underscores the need for a multifaceted approach to managing CI in MS, incorporating emerging pharmacological treatments, cognitive rehabilitation strategies, and exercise programmes. Future research should prioritize defining optimal training intensities, integrating therapies for sustained cognitive enhancement, and exploring neuromodulation and neuroimaging biomarkers within randomized controlled trials aimed at improving cognitive functioning in MS.

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简介34-70%的多发性硬化症（MS）患者会出现认知障碍（CI），严重影响生活质量。认知障碍的类型多种多样，但常见的受影响领域包括处理速度、记忆和执行功能：我们使用 "多发性硬化症"、"认知 "和 "认知康复 "等关键词，在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 等数据库中进行了全面的文献检索。我们重点关注临床评估工具、新出现的认知表型以及药物和非药物治疗，包括疾病改变疗法和认知康复技术：目前的证据强调，需要采取多方面的方法来管理多发性硬化症患者的 CI，将新出现的药物治疗、认知康复策略和运动计划结合起来。未来的研究应优先确定最佳的训练强度，整合持续增强认知能力的疗法，并在旨在改善多发性硬化症认知功能的随机对照试验中探索神经调节和神经影像生物标志物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

2.30%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics (ISSN 1473-7175) provides expert reviews on the use of drugs and medicines in clinical neurology and neuropsychiatry. Coverage includes disease management, new medicines and drugs in neurology, therapeutic indications, diagnostics, medical treatment guidelines and neurological diseases such as stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer''s and Parkinson''s. Comprehensive coverage in each review is complemented by the unique Expert Review format and includes the following sections: Expert Opinion - a personal view of the data presented in the article, a discussion on the developments that are likely to be important in the future, and the avenues of research likely to become exciting as further studies yield more detailed results Article Highlights – an executive summary of the author’s most critical points