Cannabis use characteristics and associations with problematic use outcomes, quitting-related factors, and mental health among US young adults.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI:10.1186/s13011-025-00634-0

Carla J Berg, Cassidy R LoParco, Katelyn F Romm, Yuxian Cui, Darcey M McCready, Yan Wang, Y Tony Yang, Hannah S Szlyk, Erin Kasson, Rishika Chakraborty, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg

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Abstract

Objective: Given the changes in trends of cannabis use (e.g., product types), this study examined latent classes of young adult use and associations with use-related outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed 2023 survey data among 4,031 US young adults (M_age=26.29, 59.4% female, 19.0% Hispanic, 13.5% Black, 13.6% Asian). Among those reporting past-month use (48.8%), latent class analysis (LCA) indicators included: days used (1-5; 6-20; 21-30), use/day (1; 2-4; ≥5), and type usually used (herb/flower; edibles; oils/vape; concentrates/other). Multivariable regressions examined class in relation to problematic use, quitting-related factors, and mental health, controlling for sociodemographics and state non-medical cannabis laws.

Results: LCA identified 4 classes of cannabis use frequency and types used: 'infrequent-herb/edibles' (41.4%), 'frequent-herb' (16.8%), 'moderate-herb' (28.0%), and 'moderate-oil/other' (13.8%). In multivariable analyses (referent group: 'moderate-herb' class), 'frequent-herb' reported less problematic use (B=-0.18, 95%CI=-0.30, -0.07), while 'moderate-oil/other' reported greater (B = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.27, 0.51). 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' had lower odds of driving post-use of cannabis (aOR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.22, 0.37) and cannabis/alcohol (aOR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.35, 0.76), whereas 'frequent-herb' (aOR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.02, 2.28) and 'moderate-oil/other' (aOR = 3.98, 95%CI = 2.72, 5.82) reported greater odds of driving post-cannabis/alcohol use. 'Moderate-oil/other' reported higher quitting importance (B = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.17, 1.01), while 'frequent-herb' reported lower (B=-0.33, 95%CI=-0.99, -0.18). 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' reported higher quitting confidence (B = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.20, 0.92), whereas 'frequent-herb' (B=-1.01, 95%CI=-1.45, -0.57) and 'moderate-oil/other' (B=-1.27, 95%CI=-1.74, -0.81) reported lower. 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' reported fewer mental health symptoms (B=-0.55, 95%CI=-0.93, -0.17), while 'moderate-oil/other' reported more (B = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.53, 1.52).

Conclusions: Preventing frequent and moderate use of cannabis, particularly of oils/concentrates, is crucial given the potential negative implications for problematic use, quitting, and mental health.

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美国年轻人的大麻使用特征及其与问题使用结果、戒烟相关因素和心理健康的关系

目的：鉴于大麻使用趋势的变化（例如，产品类型），本研究调查了年轻人使用大麻的潜在类别及其与使用相关结果的关联。方法：我们分析了4031名美国年轻人的2023份调查数据（男性=26.29，女性59.4%，西班牙裔19.0%，黑人13.5%，亚洲13.6%）。在报告过去一个月使用情况的患者中（48.8%），潜在类别分析（LCA）指标包括：使用天数(1-5天；6 20;21-30)， 1次/天；2 - 4;≥5)，常用类型(草本/花卉；食物;油/ vape;集中/其他)。多变量回归检验了阶级与问题使用、戒烟相关因素和心理健康的关系，控制了社会人口统计学和州非医用大麻法律。结果：LCA确定了4类大麻使用频率和使用类型：“不常用草药/食用”（41.4%），“常用草药”（16.8%），“中等草药”（28.0%）和“中等油/其他”（13.8%）。在多变量分析中（参照组：“中草药”类），“常用草药”报告的问题较少（B=-0.18, 95%CI=-0.30, -0.07），而“中油/其他”报告的问题较多（B= 0.39, 95%CI= 0.27, 0.51）。“不常用草药/可食用食品”在使用大麻后驾驶的几率较低（aOR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.22, 0.37）和大麻/酒精（aOR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.35, 0.76），而“常用草药”（aOR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.02, 2.28）和“中度油/其他”（aOR = 3.98, 95%CI = 2.72, 5.82）在使用大麻/酒精后驾驶的几率更高。“中度油/其他”的戒烟重要性较高（B= 0.59, 95%CI= 0.17, 1.01），而“频繁使用草药”的戒烟重要性较低（B=-0.33, 95%CI=-0.99, -0.18）。“不常用草药/可食用食品”报告的戒烟信心较高（B= 0.56, 95%CI= 0.20, 0.92），而“常用草药”（B=-1.01, 95%CI=-1.45, -0.57）和“中等用油/其他”（B=-1.27, 95%CI=-1.74, -0.81）报告的戒烟信心较低。“不常食用草药/可食用食品”报告的心理健康症状较少（B=-0.55, 95%CI=-0.93, -0.17），而“中等用油/其他”报告的心理健康症状较多（B= 1.03, 95%CI= 0.53, 1.52）。结论：考虑到对问题使用、戒烟和精神健康的潜在负面影响，预防频繁和适度使用大麻，特别是油/浓缩物，至关重要。

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来源期刊

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Medicine-Health Policy

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses research concerning substance abuse, with a focus on policy issues. The journal aims to provide an environment for the exchange of ideas, new research, consensus papers, and critical reviews, to bridge the established fields that share a mutual goal of reducing the harms from substance use. These fields include: legislation pertaining to substance use; correctional supervision of people with substance use disorder; medical treatment and screening; mental health services; research; and evaluation of substance use disorder programs.