Clinical advances of mRNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.

IF 12.8 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Med Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI:10.1016/j.medj.2024.11.015
Alexey V Yaremenko, Muhammad Muzamil Khan, Xueyan Zhen, Yan Tang, Wei Tao
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Abstract

The development of mRNA vaccines represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, with more than 120 clinical trials to date demonstrating their potential across various malignancies, including lung, breast, prostate, melanoma, and more challenging cancers such as pancreatic and brain tumors. These vaccines work by encoding tumor-specific antigens and immune-stimulating molecules, effectively activating the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. Despite these promising advancements, significant challenges remain, particularly in achieving efficient delivery and precise regulation of the immune response. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent clinical progress in mRNA cancer vaccines, discusses the innovative strategies being employed to overcome existing hurdles, and explores future directions, including the integration of CRISPR-Cas9 technology and advancements in mRNA design. Our aim is to provide insights into the ongoing research and clinical trials, highlighting the transformative potential of mRNA vaccines in advancing oncology and improving patient outcomes.

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mRNA疫苗用于肿瘤免疫治疗的临床进展。
mRNA疫苗的开发代表了癌症治疗的重大进步,迄今已有120多项临床试验证明其在各种恶性肿瘤中的潜力,包括肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、黑色素瘤以及更具挑战性的癌症,如胰腺癌和脑肿瘤。这些疫苗通过编码肿瘤特异性抗原和免疫刺激分子,有效地激活免疫系统来靶向和消除癌细胞。尽管取得了这些有希望的进展,但仍然存在重大挑战,特别是在实现有效递送和精确调节免疫反应方面。本文综述了mRNA癌症疫苗的最新临床进展,讨论了用于克服现有障碍的创新策略,并探讨了未来的发展方向,包括CRISPR-Cas9技术的整合和mRNA设计的进展。我们的目标是为正在进行的研究和临床试验提供见解,强调mRNA疫苗在推进肿瘤学和改善患者预后方面的变革潜力。
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来源期刊
Med
Med MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
17.70
自引率
0.60%
发文量
102
期刊介绍: Med is a flagship medical journal published monthly by Cell Press, the global publisher of trusted and authoritative science journals including Cell, Cancer Cell, and Cell Reports Medicine. Our mission is to advance clinical research and practice by providing a communication forum for the publication of clinical trial results, innovative observations from longitudinal cohorts, and pioneering discoveries about disease mechanisms. The journal also encourages thought-leadership discussions among biomedical researchers, physicians, and other health scientists and stakeholders. Our goal is to improve health worldwide sustainably and ethically. Med publishes rigorously vetted original research and cutting-edge review and perspective articles on critical health issues globally and regionally. Our research section covers clinical case reports, first-in-human studies, large-scale clinical trials, population-based studies, as well as translational research work with the potential to change the course of medical research and improve clinical practice.
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